Evaluation of immunomodulatory potential of Cuminum cyminum in rats
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Date
2019-08
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present study was conducted to analyze the ameliorating potential of Cuminum cyminum against cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppression. The phytochemical analysis of plant extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, glycosides and proteins. Experimental design comprised of eight groups with each group having six rats. Group I served as control, group II was administered with cyclophosphamide @ 100 mg/kg b. wt. orally, in group III levamisole was administered @ 50 mg/kg b.wt. subcutaneously, in group IV both cyclophosphamide and levamisole were administered, group V and group VI were administered with hydroethanolic extract of Cuminum cyminum (CCHE) @200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt. orally, respectively and in group VII and group VIII, CCHE was administered @ 200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt. orally with cyclophosphamide @ 100mg/kg b.wt. on 9th and 16th day of study, respectively for a period of 28 days. Significant (P<0.05) decrease in body weight and organ weight of cyclophosphamide treated rats was seen. However, body weight was restored in group VII and VIII. Cyclophosphamide exposure showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC and DLC as compared to other groups. A significant (P<0.05) decline in total protein, albumin, globulin and A: G ratio was observed in group II as compared to control. CCHE treated groups V, VI, VII and VIII showed significant (P<0.05) amelioration in the level of total proteins as compared to group II and at par with normal values in control showing ameliorative potential of CCHE. A significant (P<0.05) increase in cholesterol, creatinine, BUN, AST, ALT and ALP was observed in cyclophosphamide treated group II, which were restored by CCHE towards normal indicating amelioration of these parameters by CCHE. A significant (P<0.05) decrease in HA titre, total Ig level, DTH reaction, phagocytic index and neutrophil adhesion was observed in cyclophosphamide treated group II, whereas, treatment with CCHE restored these parameters towards normal values in
a dose dependent manner indicating immune stimulation by CCHE. Histopathological changes in liver were characterized by severe congestion of blood vessels and severe sinusoidal congestion leading to loss of sinusoidal spaces, accumulation of mononuclear cells around many congested blood vessels, severe degeneration of hepatocytes throughout the parenchyma in liver. In kidney severe congestion of large blood vessels and interstitial hemorrhages, vacuolation of glomeruli of the renal tubular epithelial cells and infiltration of mononuclear cells was observed. These effects were ameliorated by treatment with CCHE in a dose dependent manner after 28 days in rats. Thus, it can be concluded from the present study that hydroethanolic extracts of Cuminum cyminum has immunostimulant potential against cyclophosphamide induced toxicity.
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