INFLUENCE OF ANTIMICROBIAL BIOMOLECULES OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS ON BmNPV AND ASSOCIATED BACTERIAL ISOLATES IN Bombyx mori L.
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Date
2023-02-08
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore
Abstract
Flacherie is a serious disease of silkworm caused due to bacteria and virus. To manage this disease several chemical based bed disinfectants are being used, which leave residual toxicity in rearing bed and are not found eco-friendly. In view of these constraints,
botanicals with antimicrobial biomolecules could be found as an alternative to control flacherie. Biomolecules found in the medicinal plants were estimated and separated from Adhatoda vasica and Phyllanthus niruri. The alkaloids, phenols, tannins, proteins, carbohydrates and flavonoids were found maximum in methanolic extract of P. niruri (10.08, 14.36, 401.19, 38.30, 52.01 and 64.83 g/g) followed by A. vasica compared to aqueous extracts. Further, methanolic (7.50 and 8.11 mm) and phenolic extracts (9.23 and
9.40 mm) of P. niruri exhibited maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus sciuri at 10-7 dilution on 24 and 48 hours of incubation. Further, the methanolic extract of P. niruri was recorded maximum larval, biochemical and cocoon parameters in healthy
and pathogen (BmNPV and S. sciuri) inoculated silkworms (PM×CSR2). Among biomolecules, phenols of P. niruri administered to silkworms recorded higher protein, lipid, carbohydrate and trehalose (23.35, 1.11, 29.83 and 18.13., 28.67, 1.23, 31.90 and 21.14 mg/ml) content. Furthermore, the maximum larval weight (27.76 and 26.78 g/10), minimum larval duration (26.90 and 26.07 days), mortality (8.00 and 7.00 %) and maximum ERR (91.33 and 92.67 %) were recorded in phenols administered silkworms. The cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio, filament length, NBFL and denier (1.56, 0.243 g, 15.81 %, 797.63, 670.69 m and 2.39., 1.56, 0.258 g, 16.60 %., 865.13, 865.13 m and 2.21) were also found maximum in phenols of P. niruri administered pathogen inoculated silkworms followed by tannins and alkaloids in both fourth and fifth instars.