Tree selection, fruit characterization and vegetative propagation of Tapil (Phoebe cooperiana U.N Kanjilal ex A. Das) in Eastern Himalayas
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Date
2021-07-24
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College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat
Abstract
The selected 45 trees were further screened using selection index out of which 22 trees were selected. Most of the selected trees were observed to be in height class 15-30m (77.27%), 0-2.5m GBH class (77.27%), 0-10m crown diameter class (48.89%), age class 0-20 m(54.55%) and no. of fruits per tree ranging between 300-5000.
The mean values were recorded before and after for the following fruit length (35.0mm) (33.93mm), fruit weight (8.56g) (9.02g), fruit diameter (21.82mm) (22,65mm), pulp thickness (3.43mm) (3.58mm), seed weight (3.02g) (2.94g) ,seed length (28.68mm) (28.14mm), seed diameter (15.34mm) (15.43mm), pulp weight(5.58g) (6.14g), pulp fruit ratio (0.64) (0.68) and diameter length ratio (0.63) (0.67).
The ANOVA using CRD revealed significant differences among the selected trees for all characters. The variability parameters analysed for the morphological characters revealed phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) to be greater than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all characters, the environmental influence on the expression of the characters. Heritability in broad sense (H2) and genetic advance were observed to be the highest for fruit length, seed length and fruit weight, implying to the additive gene action, and thus can be selected for improvement. Correlation studies revealed that pulp thickness, fruit weight fruit diameter, seed weight and crown diameter had positive significant correlation with economically important traits viz. no. of fruits per tree, pulp-fruit ratio and diameter length ratio. Principal component analysis revealed positive and high loading values for fruit diameter in PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 contributing more to the variation. Cluster analysis of the trees based on mean values of morphological characters classified them into 3 major clusters.
Air layering data for rooting percentage was first trasformed using arcsine transformation. The ANOVA using CRD revealed significant differences among parameters (rooting percentage, no. of roots per layer and length of longest roots) for all 8 treatments. The observed variation in mean for various parameters for different treatment are as follows; rooting percentage (54.91%), no. of root per layer (8.93) and length of longest root (2.68cm). On the basis of mean performance of each treatment NAA3000 scored highest in rooting percentage(74.36), no. of roots per layer (21.33). Where as, NAA2000 scored highest in Length of longest root (6.00cm). The survival percentage was recorded highest for NAA3000 (54.16%).
Description
The present study was undertaken during 2018-20 to characterize fruit characteristics among selected phenotypes of Phoebe cooperiana U.N. Kanjilal ex A. Das from 9 different sites of Arunachal Pradesh and Vegetative propagation was conducted on 10 trees of almost same age in Boleng, Siang dist. Arunachal Pradesh. Total 9 sites(Siluk, Pasighat, Namsai, Namsing, Tezu, Roing, Korang , Rani and Mirem) selected with reference to distribution map for Phoebe cooperiana with 5 trees each site. The selected trees were recorded for following parameters tree height(m), Girth(m),crown diameter, age, GPS coordinates, fruit , no. of fruits per tree, fruit bearing habit and village name & district. The fruit morphology for 45 phenotypes were characterized and air layering was done on10 trees with 8 different treatments viz. IBA100, IBA 2000, IBA 3000,NAA1000, NAA2000, NAA3000, ROOTEX AND A CONTROL