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Central Agricultural University, Pasighat
The Central Agricultural University has been established by an act of Parliament, the Central Agricultural University Act, 1992 (No.40 of 1992). The Act came into effect on 26th January, 1993 with the issue of notification by the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Govt. of India. The University became functional with the joining of first Vice-Chancellor on 13th September, 1993. The jurisdiction of the University extends to six North-Eastern Hill States viz., Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim and Tripura, with headquarters at Imphal in Manipur.
College of Horticulture & Forestry, a constituent College of the Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, was established on 7th March 2001 at Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh on the bank of beautiful river Siang.
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ThesisItem Open Access : Influence of Sowing Time and Number of Leaf Cuttings on the Performance of Palak (Beta vulgaris var bengalensis) under the Foot Hills of Arunachal Pradesh.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102 Central Agricultural University (Imphal), 2023-06-28) Joseph, Shruthi; Shadap, Arwankie; Devi, N. SurminaThe treatment details of the present experiments were T1 (D1C0 1st sowing on 1.10 2021 + zero cutting), T2 (D1C1 1st sowing on 1.10 2021 + One cutting), T3 (D1C2 1st sowing on 1.10 2021 + Two cutting), T4 (D1C3 1st sowing on 1.10 2021 + Three cutting), T5 (D2C0 2nd sowing on 15.10 2021 + Zero cutting),T6 (D2C1 2nd sowing on 15.10 2021+ One cutting), T7 (D2C2 2nd sowing on 15.10 2021+ Two cutting), T8 (D2C3 2nd sowing on 15.10 2021+ Three cutting), T9 (D3C0 3rd sowing on 30.10 2021+ Zero cutting), T¬10 (D3C1 3rd sowing on 30.10 2021+ One cutting), T11 (D3C2 3rd sowing on 30.10 2021+ Two cutting), T12 (D3C3 3rd sowing on 30.10 2021+ Three cutting). The leaf cutting was done at 30, 45 and 60 DAS for C1, C2 and C3 respectively and the final harvesting carried out on 90DAS. The analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference among the different date of sowing and number of leaf cutting on growth, yield and quality parameters of palak. The experimental results revealed that T5 (D2C0 2nd sowing on 15.10 2021 + Zero cutting) exhibited maximum values for all of the growth parameters viz., plant height (32.23 cm), number of branches(9.67), number of leaves (20.40), length of leaves (12.22 cm), length of the petiole (11.47 cm), leaf area (50.90 cm2)and leaf area index (1.13). The treatment T8 (D2C3) exhibited maximum values for yield parameters viz., green leaf yield per plot (12.41 kg) and green leaf yield per hectare (310.17q). Quality parameters viz. Chlorophyll (1.18 mg/g) and carotenoids (1.09 mg/100g) was recorded maximum in T9 (D3C0). The result showed that the plants sown on 15 October 2021 exhibited maximum yield for all most all the growth and yield parameters while plants sown on 30 October 2021 showed highest values for quality parameters. Among the number of leaf cuttings, C0 showed maximum values for all the growth and yield parameters while C3 exhibited superior results for yield parameters. Studies on diseases viz., percent disease incidence in palak field was recorded. The results of this study revealed that palak crop was infested by Fusarium wilt. Based on the experimental results, percent disease incidence is more on D1 (01.10.2021) and least PDI was observed among plants sown on D3 (30.10.2021).ThesisItem Open Access Standardization of pre-sowing treatments and bareroot seedling production in Gleditsiatriacanthos L.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102 Central Agricultural University (Imphal), 2023-05-04) Sirkeck, Divya; Singh, Bikram; Mehra, T. S.The experiment on the effect of undercutting and wrenching was carried out in the field following the RBD design with 13 treatments with 3 replications and 15 plants per treatment planted at a spacing of 30 cm x 40 cm. Observations for the following were recorded:Plant height, Collar diameter, Root shoot ratio, Root spread, Fresh weight of shoot and root, total root shoot length and survival percentage (%). Significant difference was observed for the given parameters between the treated seedlings (undercut and wrenched) and untreated /control (not undercut or wrenched). The eventual aim of this experiment was to check the difference in the outplanting survival between the treated and untreated plants. The maximum outplanting survival was recorded in T13-Undercutting at depth of 15-17cm, followed by wrenching 9 times (66.55%), followed by T12-Undercutting at depth of 10-12cm, followed by wrenching 9 times (54.13%) whereas the minimum survival percent was recorded in T1- control (27.78%).ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Genetic Variability and Seed Protein Profiling of Capsicum species in the North Eastern Region of India.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102 Central Agricultural University (Imphal), 2022-09-14) Semba, Senjem; Dev, Chandra; Bhutia, Nangsol DolmaAnalysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean were observed for plant height, no. of seed per fruit, number of fruit per plant and ascorbic acid in all the species taken under study. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the character no. of fruit per plant showed maximum positive direct effect followed by fruit weight atphenotypic level in these species. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that the character no. of fruit per plant showed maximum positive direct effect followed by fruit weight at genotypic levelin King chilli and bird’s eye chilli. Similarly path analysis revealed that the character chlorophyll contentshowed maximum positive direct effect followed by no. of fruit per plant for common chilli at genotypic level. Genetic diversity was assessed by using D2statistic for 15 genotypes of King chilli. 15 genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters. Cluster analysis for 15 genotypes revealed that cluster III i.e. genotype C-4, C-7 and C-2 were found more divergent.Genetic diversity was assessed by using D2statistic for 10 genotypes of bird’s eye chilli. Cluster analysis among 10 genotypes revealed that cluster IV with genotype C-20 was found the most divergent. Cluster analysis among 15 common chilli genotype were assessed and revealed that, Cluster II with genotype C-33, C-38,C-39, C-37, C-26,C-34 and C-29 were found more divergent. Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed considerable variation in protein band numbers in all the threespecies studied.The genotypes C-3 was most distantly related to C-12 in King chilli. The genotype C-23 was most distantly related to C-20 in bird’s eye chilli. C-33 was most distantly related to C-38 in common chilli.Hence, it is recommended that these genotypes could be utilized for crossing programme to create more genetic diversity. SDS-PAGE marker data provided more sub groupings and revealed higher amount of diversity as compared to morphological dataThesisItem Open Access Influence of different stages of fruit maturity on seed germination and seedling growth of citrus species.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102 Central Agricultural University (Imphal), 2023-02-27) Morampudi, Harika; Singh, Barun; Wangchu, L.North Eastern part of India has been growing numerous forms of citrus from a hoary past and it also abounds in wild forms of the genus citrus. Hence it is considered by many to be the ‘creator centre’ of citrus flora of India. To maintain the germplasm, seeds offer a convenient way to store germplasm over time and to transport it over long distances even across international boundaries. Production of seedlings thorough the seed germination is easy and convenient. Increase in production of seedlings also helps to farmers to establish orchards. Keeping this in view an attempt has been made to raise seedlings from seeds extracted at different fruit maturity stages. Treatments were executed by 2 factor CRD. For the experiment seeds were collected from three fruit maturity stages Green Mature Stage (M1), Colour turning stage (mature stage) (M2), Fully mature stage (Yellow /orange Stage) (M3) of 5 citrus species namely, Citrus reticulata (S1), Citrus limonia (S2), Citrus aurantifolia (S3), Citrus sinensis var. valencia orange (S4) and Citrus sinensis var. sathgudi (S5). Total number of treatments combinations were fifteen with three replications in each. Although seeds extracted from Fully mature stage (M3) of citrus fruits exhibited the highest germination percentage but was at par with the other stages of fruit maturity. High germination vigour index, more fresh weight of leaves, and dry weight of roots was observed in seeds extracted from fully matured fruits. In case of plant height, stem girth, number of leaves, Root: Shoot ratio, was maximum and at par in Colour turning stage (M2) and Fully mature stages (M3) of fruits. The highest chlorophyll content (a,b and total) was maximum in seedlings raised from seeds extracted from fruits at colour turning stage. From the present investigation it is concluded that for raising healthy seedlings of different citrus species the process of seed extraction can begin from colour turning stage of fruits and can be extracted till full maturity of the fruits.ThesisItem Open Access Residual Effect of Organic and Inorganic Inputs on Growth and Yield of Gladiolus under Marigold- Gladiolus Cropping System(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102 Central Agricultural University (Imphal), 2023-02-06) Manigandan, E; Kumar, Sunil; Mailappa, A. S.Significant responses of residual nutrients on flowering characters of gladiolus were observed. Treatment combinations of T12 was showed earliness in spike initiation (59.40 days). However, enhanced rachis length (55.28 cm) and spike length (92.98 cm) were noticed in treatment combinations of T12 followed by treatment T3, [48.75 cm and 82.20 cm]. Maximum number of florets/spike (17.07) were obtained with T12 followed by T11, whereas, enhanced spike yield (49,390 spikes/ha) was obtained from treatment combinations of T12 followed by T3, [32,696 spikes]. Significant corms characteristics viz. maximum number of corms/plant (2.80), polar diameter of corms (3.37cm) were associated with T12 followed by T6 (222 kg/ha), [2.07, 2.64 cm]. Maximum equatorial diameter of corms (5.48 cm) were obtained with T12 followed by T4 [4.82 cm]. Moreover, the enhanced number of contractile roots (9.30) were obtained with the T12 followed by T11 (222 kg/ha) [7.67]. Nevertheless, T7 (222 kg/ha) produced the maximum number of filiform roots (20.67). Residual effect of organic and inorganic inputs significantly influenced the nutrient uptake in leaves, flowers, spikes and roots. The treatment combination T12 enhanced nitrogen uptake in leaves, flowers, spikes , roots (3.45 kg/ha, 2.11kg/ha, 5.40 kg/ha, 0.44 kg/ha), phosphorus uptake in leaves, flowers, spikes, roots (1.16kg/ha, 0.67kg/ha, 2.62 kg/ha, 0.09 kg/ha) and potassium uptake in leaves, flowers , spikes, roots (2.22 kg/ha, 1.10 kg/ha, 4.66 kg/ha, 0.29 kg/ha). In contrast, increased nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium use efficiency (19.45 kg/kg, 106.57 kg/kg, 66.61 kg/kg), nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptake efficiency (0.030 kg/kg, 0.076 kg/kg, 0.089 kg/kg), apparent nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium recovery (2.64%, 6.25%, 5.98%) was recorded to be highest in the treatment vermicompost (5t/ha). Thus, it is apparent from entire investigation that residual nutrients significantly performed on growth, flowering, yield, corm as well nutrient characters in gladiolus under marigold-gladiolus cropping system without compromising quality and yield.ThesisItem Open Access “Effect of graded levels of Nitrogen and Humic Acid on Growth, Yield and Quality of Essential Oil derived from herbage of marigold (Tagetes Patula L.) cv. Arka Pari”(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102 Central Agricultural University (Imphal), 2023-01-28) Ojha, Ritayani; Phurailatpam, Arunkumar; Momin, Ch. KalkameThe experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three levels of Humic acid (Control, 20 kg/ha and 40 kg/ha) and four levels of Nitrogen (Control, 100 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha and 200 kg/ha) which was replicated thrice. The observations were recorded in respect of vegetative growth parameters, flowering parameters, yield parameters and quality parameters.The significantly maximum height of plant, number of primary and secondary branches/ plant, plant spread, stem diameter, leaves/plant, fresh weight of leaves and plant and leaf area were recorded in Humic acid 40 kg/ha as well as Nitrogen 200kg/ha.The flowering parameters in term of days taken to bud initiation, days to flower bud maturity, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering and days to first harvest was significantly minimum with Humic acid 40 kg/ha as well as Nitrogen 200kg/ha. Whereas, significantly maximum duration of flowering was recorded in Humic acid 40 kg/ha as well as Nitrogen 200kg/ha.The yield parameters in respect of number of flowers/ plant, fresh weight of flowers, flower yield/ plot and flower yield/ plant, were recorded significantly maximum in Humic acid 40 kg/ha as well as Nitrogen 200kg/ha. Whereas, the highest essential oil yield was observed in Humic acid 40 kg/ha and Nitrogen 150 kg/ha.The quality parameter in respect of flower diameter were recorded maximum in Humic acid 40 kg/ha as well as Nitrogen 200kg/ha.The chemical compositions of hydrodistilled essential oil from the herbage of Tagetes patula cv. Arka Pari were analysed using GCMS (Gas chromatography- Mass spectrometry). The major compounds identified were D- Limonene, cis β- ocimene, trans β- ocimene, Dihydrotagetone, 2- carene, (Z)- myroxide, (E)- Tagetone, (Z)- Tagetone, Levoverbenone, Piperitone, Piperitenone, 3- Carene-5-one, Caryophyllene and Germacrene D.ThesisItem Open Access :“Influence of time and methods of budding in ‘Khasi Mandarin’ (Citrus reticulata Blanco) on different rootstocks in the foothills of Arunachal Pradesh”.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102, 2022-09-29) Bordoloi, Miss Nilakshi; Wangchu, L.; Nimbolkar, P. K.Treatments were executed in three factor factorial CRD(Completely Randomized Design)with three replications. Different rootstocks viz., Rough Lemon (Citrus Jambhiri Lush.), Rangpur Lime (Citrus limoniaUsbek), Khasi Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco),Volkamer Lemon (Citrus volkameriana) and Pummelo (Citrus grandisOsbeck) and different methods of budding (‘T’ budding and Modified Chip budding) were used for budding in Khasi Mandarin in February, April and March.Interaction of budding time, methodsand types of rootstockshowed maximum bud take (93.33%) when Modified Chip budding was performed on Rough Lemon and Rangpur Lime during February. Maximum budding success (93.33%), length (11.30cm), girth (2.14mm) and dry weight of sprout (2.95g), number of leaves (7.97), Chlorophyll ‘a’,‘b’ and total (0.34, 0.50 and 0.86 mg/g respectively) were recorded when Modified Chip budding was done on Rough Lemon in February. Fresh weight (5.22g) was higher in Rough Lemon budded with both ‘T’ budding and Modified Chip budding during February. Minimum days required to sprout (32.00) and maximum root diameter (8.23mm) were observed on Khasi Mandarin with Modified Chip budding done in February. Maximum leaf area (18.36 cm2) was observed in Rangpur Lime with Modified Chip budding and maximum length of leaf (6.76cm) as well as breadth of leaf (4.47cm) with ‘T’ budding performed during February. Maximum rootstock parameters such as length (32.37cm), number of primary roots (3.33), fresh weight (22.13g) and dry weight (16.22g) were found maximum in Volkamer Lemon with ‘T’ budding done during February along with perimeter of leaf (18.7cm). The maximum root: shoot ratio (29.87) was observed when ‘T’ budding was done on Pummelo in April and minimum (0.43) in ‘T’ budded Rough Lemon in April.. Therefore, it is concluded that the Modified Chip budding is the best method of budding that can be performed during February in Khasi Mandarin using Rough Lemon as rootstock with respect to bud take, budding success and growth of sprout.ThesisItem Open Access “ImprovementthroughselectionforgrowthandwoodqualityinGmelinaarboreaRoxb(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102, 2022-09-09) Singh, K. Gullamani; Dobhal, Shivani; Tayeng, TisuA total of 61 candidate plus trees (CPTs) were enumerated for their morphometrictraits viz, Height, CBH, DBH, CD, Straightness, Branching behaviour and bark thickness. Out of61 CPTs, 28 Plus trees (PTs) were screened based on their total index score value>average.Forwoodanatomicalvariabilityanalysisincrementwoodcoresalongtreeradiusat1.37mheight from each selected trees were sampled. Each increment cores were further divided intothree equal sections (from pith to bark). In this manner, a total of 252 wood increment coresweresubjectedforanatomicalandfiberderivativestudies.Woodanatomicalparametersincluded 5 anatomical and 6 fibre properties viz. fibre length (FL), fibre diameter (FD), lumendiameter (LD), wall thickness (WT) and specific gravity (SG); and fibre derivative properties,Runkel ratio (RR), flexibility coefficient (FC), slenderness ratio (SR), Luce’s shape factor (LSF),wall coverageratio(WCR) andrigiditycoefficient(RC)wasestimated. On the basis of indexmethod of selection,highestimprovement percentwas observedinCBH(12.38%)followedbyheight(11.22%).MaximumselectiondifferentialwasobservedinCD(5.31)followedbyheight(2.75).ThepopulationofselectedplustreeswerefurtherclusteredbyToucher’smethodfordiversityanalysis.ClusterVandClusterXhadthemaximuminterclusterdistance(d2=1096632.0)and minimuminterclusterdistancewasobservedbetweenClusterIandClusterV(d2=40617.9).ClusteranalysisbasedongrowthtraitsrevealedthatClusterV,ClusterVI,ClusterVIIandClusterVIIIwithgenotypesCHF/AP/GA/29,CHF/AP/GA/48, CHF/AP/GA/60 and CHF/AP/GA/38 in each clusters were divergent respectively.Fromthecorrelationstudies,itwasobservedthatheightandCBHandDBHandCDhassignificantandpositivelycorrelatedingrowthtraits. Analysis of variance based on wood fibre properties revealed that core sections (pith tobark) showed substantial variations across core section. The pooled mean values recordedforFL(1369.95μm),FD(39.43μm),LD(30.28μm),WT(4.57μm),RR(0.31),SR(35.23),FC(76.62), RC (0.12), LSF (0.26) and WCR (0.23μm). It was observed that among 11 fibres traitsincluding fibre derivative properties selected genotypes values increases radially from pith tobark except in FC. The result of the study showed that out of twenty-eight genotypes, fourgenotypes were found to be the divergent for growth traits, however, genotypes CHF/AP/GA/9and CHF/AP/GA/49werefound to be the most productivein wood traits including pulp andpaperproperties.ThesisItem Open Access “Influence of Pruning and Biofertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.] cv. ‘Assam lemon’ Under Foothills of Arunachal Pradesh”.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102, 2022-10-10) Rathour, T P; Nimbolkar, P.K.; Wangchu, LTo study the effect of biofertilizers, pruning and their combine effect on growth, flowering, fruiting and fruit quality in Assam lemon. The research work entitled “Influence of Pruning and Biofertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.] cv. ‘Assam lemon’ Under Foothills of Arunachal Pradesh” was conducted during 2021-2022 at the Experimental Farm of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, CAU, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in factorial RBD with two levels of pruning (pruning 25% and 50%), four treatments of biofertilizer viz; PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) @ 90g/plant, Trichoderma @ 90g/plant, Azotobacter @ 15g/plant and combination of PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) @ 90g/plant, Trichoderma @ 90g/plant, Azotobacter @ 15g/plant and the interaction effect of pruning (pruning 25% and 50%) and biofertilizers (PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) @ 90g/plant, Trichoderma @ 90g/plant, Azotobacter @ 15g/plant). As a resultant of which it is evident that high level of pruning (terminal pruning at 50% length of shoot) and combination of biofertilizers (PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) @ 90g/plant, Trichoderma @ 90g/plant, Azotobacter @ 15g/plant) was found best for enhancing the growth, flowering, yield and quality of Assam lemon fruits. Further, earliest sprout initiation (15 days), number of shoots emerged per pruned shoot (6), length of emerged shoots (54 cm), number of leaves per shoot (46), trunk circumference (4 cm), days required for first flowering (322 days), number of flowers per shoot (105), earliness in flowering (18 days), fruit yield (4 kg/plant), fruit length (60 mm), fruit width (91mm), fruit volume (84cm3), fruit weight (104g), peel weight (45g), average number of seeds per fruit (0.25), titratable acidity (5.90%), ascorbic acid content (141.08 mg/100g), juice (40ml), total sugar (9.84%), reducing sugar (2.20%), non-reducing sugar(7.75%), pH of juice (2.23), chlorophyll-a (0.54 mg/g), chlorophyll-b content (0.30mg/g), total chlorophyll content (0.82 mg/g) and carotenoid (27.46 mg/g fresh weight) was recorded highest in treatment P2B4 (Pruning 50% length of shoots + PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) @ 90g/plant, Trichoderma @ 90g/plant, Azotobacter @ 15g/plant). Hence, the treatment combination of pruning at 50% length of shoots + PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) @ 90g/plant, Trichoderma @ 90g/plant, Azotobacter @ 15g/plantmay be recommended to get the maximum growth, flowering, yield and best fruit quality in Assam lemon.
