Prospecting for galanthamine and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity in Indian Amaryllidaceae species

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dc.contributor.advisorUma Shaanker, R
dc.contributor.authorNAGARAJU, S
dc.date.accessioned2016-12-23T13:55:25Z
dc.date.available2016-12-23T13:55:25Z
dc.date.issued18-11-11
dc.description.abstractGalanthamine is an isoquinoline tertiary alkaloid originally derived from bulbs of the Amaryllidaceae family of flowering plants that includes daffodils and the common snowdrop (Galanthus woronowii). Galanthamine reversibly and specifically binds to the active site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), thereby inhibiting the enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into acetate and choline. Galanthamine is used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Besides galanthamine, a few other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have been reported from Amaryllidaceae members as well as from other families. Unfortunately very little is known about the acetylcholine esterase inhibition activity of Indian Amaryllidaceae members. In this study an attempt has been made to evaluate the acetylcholine esterase inhibition activity of a set of Amaryllidaceae members occurring in the country. The specific objectives of the study were a) to evaluate selected Indian Amaryllidaceae species for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity and b) to undertake bioactivity guided fractionation and characterization of compounds responsible for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. 7 We evaluated 134 bulbs, 55 leaves, 3 roots and 2 neck parts collected from 139 plants belonging to 43 species of Indian Amaryllidaceae for their galanthamine presence and content using TLC, HPLC, LC-MS. Galanthamine was predominantly found in bulbs (85.82 %) followed by leaves (20.00 %). Galanthamine content ranged from 0.037 to 1.5 % by dry weight in the different members of Amaryllidaceae. Hippeastrum solandriflorum, Hymenocallis caribeae and Zephyranthus rosea showed a galanthamine content > 1%. Thus Indian Amaryllidaceae member could be used as potential sources for the commercial extraction of galanthamine. Methanolic extract of leaves of Crinum asiaticum showed a significant inhibition of AChE (IC50 = 10.52 μg/ml). However unlike the bulbs, the leaves of the plant did not show any trace of galanthamine. Bioassay guided fractionation of the crude extract of the leaves revealed the active principle, lycorine (IC50 35.03 μg/ml). The structure of the molecule was confirmed by its NMR and LC mass spectral data. Although lycorine has been reported in literature (Ptak et al., 2009) to contain AChE inhibitory activity, this is the first report of the molecule in the leaves of C. asiaticum.en_US
dc.identifier.otherTh-9921
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/92450
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangaloreen_US
dc.subCrop Physiologyen_US
dc.these.typeM.Sc
dc.titleProspecting for galanthamine and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity in Indian Amaryllidaceae speciesen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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