Optimization of dyeing process for wool fabric with dyes extracted from Acalypha wilkesiana leaves and Ficus glomerata bark and evaluation of functional properties
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Date
2020-02
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present research study was planned to identify new sources of natural dyes having antibacterial properties. The objective of the study is to optimize the dyeing and mordanting conditions, assessing antibacterial activity, ultraviolet protection factor, fastness and physical properties of the dyed fabric. Dyes were extracted using Acalypha wilkesiana leaves and Ficus glomerata bark for dyeing of wool fabric. Optimization of dyeing process for wool fabric with dyes extracted from both the sources was done using Box-Behnken design. The optimized conditions for application of Acalypha wilkesiana dye on wool fabric was 5% dye concentration, 70 minutes dyeing time and 90°C dyeing temperature. Ficus glomerata dye gave best results on wool fabric with 3% dye concentration, 90 minutes dyeing time and 90°C dyeing temperature. Range of shades were obtained with three different natural (henna leaves, pomegranate rind and tea leaves) and synthetic (ferrous sulphate, alum and tannic acid) mordants and were evaluated on the basis of colour strength and antibacterial activity. One best mordant selected for Acalypha wilkesiana as well as Ficus glomerara dye was henna leaves on the basis of good colour strength as well as also obtained maximum inhibition zone while antibacterial testing against S.aureus and E.coli. The concentration of mordant and method of mordanting was also optimized and selected on the basis of colour strength and percentage reduction of S.aureus and E.coli. The 2% concentration of henna leaves as a mordant with Acalypha wilkesiana dye when applied using post mordanting method gave best colour strength as well as reduces maximum percentage of test bacterias. In case of Ficus glomerata dye, 3% concentration of henna leaves and post mordanting method gave best results. The use of mordant improved the antibacterial, UPF and colour fastness properties of the dyed fabric. The elongation of the fabric improved with dyeing and mordanting whereas loss in strength of the fabric has been observed.
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