FERTILITY TABLE STUDIES ON FRUIT FLIES [Bactrocera dorsalis (HENDEL) AND B. zonata(SAUNDERS)] ON DIFFERENT FRUIT HOSTS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
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Date
2018-12
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UHF, NAUNI
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigations on “Fertility table studies on fruit flies [Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)
and B. zonata (Saunders)] on different fruit hosts and their management” were conducted during
2016-2017. In laboratory studies conducted at room temperature and at a fixed temperature of 25°C with
75 ± 5 per cent RH and 12:12 hours of light and darkness, the results revealed that the fixed temperature (
25°C) was found better for the biological and population growth of B. dorsalis and B. zonata. The
comparative studies carried out on mango, peach and guava revealed guava with minimum incubation
(2.26 and 2.82 days), pupal (10.05 and 8.95 days), adult pre-ovipositon (11.67 and 12.90 days) and
maximum adult longevity (77.5 and 58.74 days) and fecundity (640. 75 and 443.40 eggs/ female) as the
most suitable host for both the species. B. dorsalis with better biological and population parameters, on all
the fruit hosts, was a dominant species. The bioefficacy trial conducted on mango and peach revealed
spinosad (0.002 %) with infestation of 14.44 and 8.89 per cent on mango and 18.89 and 17.78 per cent on
peach under normal and 20.00 and 22.22 per cent under high density plantation of peach during 2016 and
2017, respectively, to be the most effective treatment. Azadirachtin (0.01 %) was next in order of
effectiveness and was found at par with recommended insecticide malathion (0.1 %). The microbial
treatmentsi.e.B. bassiana(1x 109CFU/ gm) andM. anisopliae (1 x 108 CFU/ gm) were found moderately
effective in managing fruit flies. The botanicals namely, neem oil (2%) and pongamia oil (2%) were the
least effective treatments, however, both were superior over control. The clay treatment (8%) was found
more effective than azadirachtin in peach both under normal and high density plantation and moderately
effective in mango, but had adverse effect on the colour, size and development of the fruit. The maximum
losses were avoided with spinosad, followed by azadirachtin and malathion. Among all the test treatments,
the highest BCR was computed for spinosad in mango and peach. However, the BCR ratio was less than
computed for malathion, which was due to the less cost of the latter. The botanicals were found
economically non-viable as the BCR was < 1. None of the treatments used in the present investigations
resulted in anytype of phytotoxicityexcept for higher concentration of pongamia oil (3%) on peach,where
yellowing and falling of leaves and, fruit cracking were observed, which was therefore not included in the
study.
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