MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS OF TOMATO WITH BOTANICALS AND BIO-PESTICIDES
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Date
2019-06-28
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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra.
Abstract
The present research studies entitled “Management of major insect pests of tomato with botanicals and bio-pesticides” was undertaken on tomato crop (Variety Pusa Ruby) under field condition at Department of Entomology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2018-19 with a view to evaluate the performance of different botanicals and bio-pesticides against the major insect pests of tomato. Similarly, investigations were also aimed to assess the relative safely of these botanicals and bio-pesticides towards the population of natural enemies.
Seven different treatment modules were laid out in randomized block design (RBD) consisting of botanicals viz., Neem seed Extract (NSE) 5%, Azadirachtin 10,000 ppm, Azadirachtin 300 ppm and bio-pesticides like HaNPV 250 LE/ha, Beauveria bassiana 1 x 108 CFU, Metarhizium anisopliae 1 x 108 CFU, Bacillus thuringiensis 1000 g/ha and Trichogramma chilonis @ 1.5 lakh/ha alongwith untreated control at different days after planting (DAP) in each module for the management of major insect pests of tomato.
The first application of each treatment module for tomato leaf miner and tomato fruit borer was undertaken at 35 DAP (Days after planting) and 55 DAP and was repeated at an interval of 10 days after application in each treatment module.
The observations on the tomato leaf miner infestation and it’s natural enemies were recorded after the initiation of damage on the leaves and application of each treatment module at 3, 5 and 10 days. The observations on tomato fruit borer infestation and it’s natural enemies were recorded after the initiation of fruit formation on the plant and application of each treatment module at 3, 5 and 10 days. The cummulative per cent leaves infestation of tomato leaf miner at 3, 5 and 10 days after spray and the cummulative per cent fruit infestation of tomato fruit borer at 3, 5 and 10 days after spray as well as average population of natural enemies per plant were also worked out on the basis of average of all observations. The yield and ICBR due to different treatment modules were also worked out for their cost effectiveness.
The treatment module M4 (Application of Azadirachtin 300 ppm @ 5 ml/lit at 35 and 45 DAP, Application of M. anisopliae at 55 DAP and Release of T. chilonis @ 1.5 lakh/ha at 65, 75 and 85 DAP) could be considered as most effective against tomato leaf miner. While the treatment module M3 (Application of Azadirachtin 300 ppm @ 5 ml/lit at 35 and 45 DAP, Application of B. bassiana at 55 DAP and release of T. chilonis @ 1.5 lakh/ha at 65, 75 and 85 DAP) was proved promising in minimizing the per cent leaves infestation of tomato leaf miner. Similarly, the treatment modules M4 and M3 were also observed to be safer to natural enemies like lady bird beetle (LLB).
The treatment module M5 (Application of Azadirachtin 10,000 ppm @ 3 ml/lit at 35 and 45 DAP, Application of HaNPV 250 LE at 55 DAP and Release of T. chilonis @ 1.5 lakh/ha at 65, 75 and 85 DAP) had shown the positive impact against tomato fruit borer. The treatment module M4 and M3 were found promising in minimizing the per cent fruit infestation of tomato fruit borer. Similarly the treatment modules M5 and M4 were found safer to natural enemies like spider. Likewise, the treatment module M3 proved to be promising in retaining the spider population.
The treatment modules M5 and M4 emerged as the most effective and economically viable treatment modules which recorded the ICBR of 1:15.62 and 1:10.95.
Description
The present investigation was based on the management of major insect pests of tomato, while this experimentation treatment modules are mainly consist of organic products which are mainly eco-friendly in the nature.
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Citation
MARWADE, KANCHAN. (2019). Management of major insect pests of tomato with botanicals and bio-pesticides. Department of Agricultural Entomology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. M. Sc. 2019. Print. xv, 127p. (Unpublished).