RESISTANCE TO LEAFHOPPER, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) IN SUNFLOWER: SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE MECHANISM

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dc.contributor.advisorSridevi, G.
dc.contributor.authorFatima, T.
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-29T12:01:08Z
dc.date.available2023-12-29T12:01:08Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-01
dc.description.abstractThe present studies were conducted at ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar and College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to screen sunflower germplasm accessions, identify the various biophysical and biochemical factors of resistance and to understand the mechanism of resistance in some of the identified germplasm sources. Fifty seven accessions along with commercial hybrid, Syngenta-SB-275 and a susceptible check, Morden were screened against A. biguttula biguttula in field under natural infestation.The population of leafhopper and leafhopper injury were recorded from all the germplasm accessions during Rabi, 2016-17 and 2017-18 and categorized based on MSI (0: highly resistant; 0.1-1.0: resistant; 1.1-2.5: moderately resistant; 2.6- 3.5: susceptible and 3.6-5.0: highly susceptible). During Rabi 2016-17, out of 57 germplasm accessions screened, twenty two accessions were found resistant with a MSI ranging from 0.6 to 1.0, while twenty five were found moderately resistant with a MSI ranging from1.1 to 2.2, ten accessions were found susceptible with a MSI ranging from 2.6 to 2.7. Syngenta-SB-275 and Morden were found susceptible to leafhoppers with a MSI of 2.6 and 3.2, respectively. During Rabi-2017-18, fifteen germplasm accessions were found as resistant with a MSI of 0.8 to 1.0; thirty accessions were found as moderately resistant with a MSI ranging from 1.2 to 2.4 and twelve accessions as susceptible with a MSI ranging from 2.6 to 3.5. Syngenta-SB-275 andMorden were found susceptible to leafhoppers with a MSI of 3.0 and 3.4, respectively. Thus, fifteen accessions were found resistant to leafhopper consistently for two years, i.e., 2016-17 and 2017-18. Twenty three accessions were recorded moderately resistant while ten accessions were found susceptible for two consecutive years.However, the remaining eight accessions were inconsistent in their reaction. Among the various biophysical and biochemical parameters studied, significant differences were observed in mean values of trichome density (midrib, lateral vein and leaf lamina), trichome length (midrib, lateral vein and leaf lamina), MDA, H2O2, SOD, CAT, POX, APX, total phenols, total free amino acid and total sugars between resistant and susceptible accessions. Correlation of leafhopper nymphal population with biophysical parameters revealed a significant negative correlation with trichome density on midrib (-0.813*), lateral veins (-0.727*), leaf lamina (-0.837*), trichome length on midrib (-0.706*), lateral veins (-0.755*) and leaf lamina (-0.692*)total phenols (-0.886*).Other biophysical factors like plant height, leaf area, petiole length, leaf thickness and midribthickness didn‟t show any significant effect on leafhopper nymphal population. Correlation of leafhopper nymphal population with biochemical factors showed significant positive correlation with malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, total free amino acids and total sugars (r = 0.842*, 0.807*, 0.886* and 0.863*, respectively). Whereas, significant negative correlation with total phenol content (r = -0.886*) was observed. The mechanismof resistance evaluated in terms of settling preference study also revealed less number of nymphs settling on resistant accessions (8.3 to 17.3 nymphs per plant) compared to susceptible check, Morden (47.1 nymphs per plant). The ovipositional preference by A. biguttula biguttula under choice and no-choice tests recorded significantly lowest number of nymphs (4.67 to 7.33 nymphs per plant under choice test and 4.0 to 6.2 nymphs per plant under no-choice test) on resistant accessions, compared to susceptible check, Morden (34.0 nymphs per plant under choice test and 12.8 nymphs per plant under no-choice test). Resistant accessions received less number of feeding punctures(24.33 to 37.50 numbers of punctures per leaf) and lower number of honeydew spots (11.83 to 15.83 number of honeydew spots/8 h/10 nymphs) compared to susceptible check, Morden (195.17 numbers of punctures per leaf and 62.83 number of honeydew spots/8 h/10 nymphs). Developmental studies revealed extended larval period (10.90 to 11.68 days), reduced nymphal survival (15.8% to 32.6%) and shortened adult longevity on resistant accessions (5.40 to 6.16 days) compared to susceptible check, Morden (9.3 days, 64.9% and 10.23 days, respectively). The resistant accessions took more number of days for the development of symptoms compared to susceptible check, Morden. GMU-339, GMU-696 and TSG-401 showed antixenosis and antibiosis mechanism of resistance and in future it can be used in the resistance breeding programme against A.biguttula biguttula.
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810204945
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.pages178
dc.publisherPROFFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
dc.relation.ispartofseriesD10757
dc.subEntomology
dc.themePh.D
dc.these.typePh.D
dc.titleRESISTANCE TO LEAFHOPPER, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) IN SUNFLOWER: SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE MECHANISM
dc.typeThesis
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