Analysis of genetic parameters and diversity in sugarcane (Saccharum species complex) clones
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Date
2017-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out in randomized block design, with 35 C2 generation sugarcane clones alongwith seven check varieties viz., Co 0238, Co Pant 03220, CoJ 64, Co Pant 97222, Co Pant 05224, CoS 767 and CoS 8436 during 2015-16 at the Sugarcane Breeding Block of Norman E Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Distt. U. S. Nagar, Uttarakhand. Genetic diversity, Standard heterosis and correlation were studied for twelve yield and juice quality parameters. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among all the clones for most of the traits under study namely number of tillers, number of internodes, cane diameter, cane length, single cane weight, no. of millable canes, juice brix percent, juice sucrose percent, CCS percent, cane yield and CCS yield except juice purity percent. The divergence studies through Mahalanobis D2 statistics grouped the 42 genotypes into 11 clusters. The maximum numbers of clones (17) were grouped in cluster I while the cluster VII, VIII, IX, X and XI accommodated single clone each. Members of cluster IX and XI (64.71) were found to be genetically most diverse on the basis of their inter cluster difference as opposite to clusters I and II (10.10) which are closely related. Number of millable canes contributed maximum (13.93%) towards genetic divergence followed by number of tillers (12.65%) and cane length (12.65%). These characters were considered to be most important for the genetic diversity. Lowest contribution was made by CCS percent (1.04%) followed by juice sucrose percent (3.25%), juice purity percent (4.29%) Studies on mean performance and standard heterosis revealed that clones namely PC (2013-14)-82 showed superiority over best check for single cane weight and cane yield and clones PC (2013-14)-64, PC (2013-14)-68, PC (2013-14)-79 and PC (2013-14)-82 showed higher cane yield than that of standard check, However, not a single genotype surpassed check in case of juice quality traits and CCS yield because of lack of adaptation and expression of component traits as the experimental material comprised of early generation clones, which requires some more generation to show their potential. Correlation coefficient revealed that cane yield was found significantly and positively correlated with number of tillers (‘000/ha), cane diameter, cane length, single cane weight, number of millable canes (‘000/ha) and CCS yield (t/ha) at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Cane yield also had positive but non-significant genotypic as well as phenotypic correlation with number of internodes. These yield contributing characters also possessed significant and positive association among themselves.
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