Application of plant extract on cotton fabric for bacterial resistance
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Date
2020-02
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The present research was intended to apply bacterial resistant finish on cotton fabric by using banyan leaves extract. To achieve the objectives projected in research design, banyan leaves extract was selected for bacterial resistance treatment on cotton fabric. Desizing and scouring were performed on the selected cotton fabric for uniform application of finish. The concentrations and conditions for applying the plant extracts on the fabrics were optimized on the basis of the bacterial resistance efficacy. The application of finish was performed with exhaust and pad-dry-cure methods using the optimized concentrations and conditions. The efficacy of herbal finish was assessed after 5 and 10 wash cycles in terms of percent reduction in bacterial count. The herbal treated fabrics were tested for change in physical and functional properties.
Aqueous extract of banyan leaves was selected for application on the cotton fabric on the basis of maximum zone of inhibition exhibited against the test bacteria i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It was found that yield percentage with repeated maceration (triple percolation) of extract was 16.03 percent for banyan leaves. The optimum variables for antibacterial treatment on the basis of maximum bacterial resistance were 17 percent concentration of banyan leaves extract,8 percent concentration of cross-linking agent, pH 6, material to liquor ratio 1:40 for exhaust and 1:20 for pad-dry-cure method, 60 min. at 600Ctreatment time and temperature for exhaust and 30 min. at 400C for pad-dry-cure method, 1100C for 5 min. drying temperature and time for exhaust and 1300C for 5 min. for pad-dry-cure method and 1400C for 5 min. were optimum temperature and time for curing of fabric treated by pad-dry-cure method. The treated fabrics exhibited 94.62 and 93.54 percent reduction in the bacterial count of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after the application of banyan leaves extract by exhaust method whereas after the application of banyan leaves extract by pad-dry-cure method 95.82 and 95.70 percent reduction in the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. coli respectively was observed. After 5 washing cycles, the treated fabrics exhibited 71.68 and 69.09 percent reduction in the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. Coli respectively whereas after 10 washing cycles, the reduction in bacterial count was 68.14 and 63.27 percent for S. aureus and E. Coli respectively. For pad-dry-cure method, the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. coli of the washed fabric after 5 washing cycles decreased by 73.47 and 70.98 percent respectively and after 10 washing cycles, the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. coli was decreased by 62.61 and 59.72 percent respectively. The plant extract treated fabrics were tested for change in physical properties and it was found that fabric weight, thickness, bending length, flexural rigidity, crease recovery angle and elongation of plant extract treated fabric were increased whereas fabric count, tensile strength, moisture regain and air permeability were decreased. The herbal treated fabrics exhibited excellent ultraviolet protection i.e. 41.93 by exhaust and 48.06 by pad-dry-cure method. Thus, it is concluded that banyan leaves extract treated fabric exhibited excellent ultraviolet protection and crease resistance properties. Conclusively, banyan leaves were observed as an efficient natural source for imparting bacterial resistant finish on cotton fabric.