EFFECT OF DIETARY MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION AT DIFFERENT SALINITIES ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI (BOONE 1931)
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Date
2020-10
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502, ANDHRA PRADESH (INDIA)
Abstract
The present study on “Effect of dietary mineral supplementation at different
salinities on growth and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931).” was
conducted in the Wet Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, College of Fishery
Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Muthukur for a period of 125 days
(including acclimatization period of 34 days) and experiment 2 for a period of 28 days.
In experiment 1, the Litopenaeus vannamei were fed with 4 different diets
containing the various levels of Ca, Mg, K and Na in Diet 1(0.1% Ca, 0.01% Mg, 0.5%
K and 0.5% Na), Diet 2 (0.2% Ca, 0.02% Mg, 1% K and 1% Na), Diet 3 (0.3% Ca, 0.03%
Mg, 1.5% K and 1.5% Na) and Diet 4 (0.4% Ca, 0.04% Mg, 2% K and 2% Na) and
control diet is without addition of extra minerals. The control and experimental diets with
35% protein using the ingredients such as fish meal, soya meal, deoiled ricebran and
groundnut oil cake as major ingredients. Feeding was given at the rate 8% to 3% of
shrimp body weight. The experiment was conducted in plastic tubs and maintained
triplicates at 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppt salinity water.
After completion of experiment, the highest average body weight gain of 18.27±0.01
g, the highest specific growth rate (SGR) 2.52±0.01, highest protein efficiency ratio (PER)
2.18±0.02 and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1.31±0.010 were recorded in the treatment
Diet 2 (Ca 0.2%, Mg 0.02%, K 1% and Na 1%) and the lowest average body weight gain of
16.55±0.01 g was recorded in control (C) at 15 ppt salinity. The overall highest survival of
90% was found in Diet 2 (Ca 0.2%, Mg 0.02%, K 1% and Na 1%) and Diet 3 (Ca 0.3%, Mg
0.03%, K 1.5% and Na 1.5%) was recorded. There was a significant difference in weight
gain, SGR, FCR and PER in L. vannamei fed with various levels of minerals incorporated diets compared to control diet fed group. In all the treatments Diet 2 (Ca 0.2%, Mg 0.02%,
K 1% and Na 1%) showed better performance in terms of growth. The survival rate was
better in the Diet 2 (Ca 0.2%, Mg 0.02%, K 1% and Na 1%) and Diet 3 (Ca 0.3%, Mg 0.03%,
K 1.5% and Na 1.5%)for Litopenaeus vannamei.
In experiment 2, Studies on essential mineral among Calcium, Magnesium,
Potassium and Sodium individually supplemented through diet at 15 ppt salinity. The
Litopenaeus vannamei fed with diets containing Ca 0.2% (DCa), Mg 0.02% (DMg), K 1%
(DK) and Na 1% (DNa) individually and control diet without addition of extra minerals.
The control and experimental diets with 35% protein using the ingredients such as fish
meal, soya meal, deoiled ricebran and groundnut oil cake as major ingredients. Feeding
was given at the rate 2% of shrimp body weight. The plastic tubs were maintained in
triplicate. Important water quality parameters were recorded daily (Temperature, pH,
Dissolved Oxygen, Total Hardness, Total Alkalinity, Total ammonia and Nitrite),
Growth and Survival were recorded at weekly intervals.
After completion of experiment, the highest average body weight gain of 5.30±0.04
g, the highest specific growth rate (SGR) 3.06±0.01 and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR)
1.28±0.01 was recorded in the treatment supplemented with 1% K in diet (DK). The overall
highest survival of 100% was recorded in diet 0.02% Mg (DMg). Therefore, these findings
clearly indicate that inclusion of minerals in shrimp feed will have positive benefits in
increasing growth and survival in Litopenaeus vannamei.
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