Comparative study on phytochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal activity of Citrus sinensis and Citrus reticulate
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Date
2018-05
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Citrus reticulata (kinnow) and Citrus sinensis (orange) were collected from local market of Pantnagar, The essential oil was isolated from the fruit peel by hydrodistillation using Clevenger apparatus. Essential oils were analysed for their chemical composition by GC-MS. Essential oils were tested against Callosobruchus chinensis and Tribolium castaneum for their contact, repellent, fumigant and ovipositional activities. Essential oils were also screened for their antimicrobial activity against two plant pathogenic fungi viz; Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani and Pseudomonas aureginosa bacteria. Antioxidant assay by different methods viz; reducing power activity, chelating activity of Fe2+, free radical scavenging activities were also studied for both the oils. Chemical composition of Citrus reticulata essential oil revealed D-limonene (94.64%), myrcene (1.72%) and n-caprylaldehyde (1.29%) as a major compounds. However, Citrus sinensis essential oil had D-limonene (86.36%) _-terpinyl acetate (4.22%), p-bis (trimethylsilyl) benzene (1.55%) and cis-oleic acid (1.10%) as a major compounds. The bioassay on insecticidal activity (contact, fumigant, repellent, and ovipositional activity) showed both the oils had significant activity against both tested insects. Citrus reticulata had shown better activity than Citrus sinensis against Callosobruchus chinensis and Tribolium castaneum. Both the essential oils exhibited good to moderate antioxidant activity in dose dependent manner. Chelating activity of both the oils was found to be almost similar while, free radical scavenging activity was found to be more in case of Citrus reticulata. Reducing power was greater in case of Citrus reticulata than Citrus sinensis. Both the essential oils were found to be active against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani and no activity of both oils were observed against Pseudomonas aureginosa at tested concentrations. Based on the above results it can be concluded that, besides its academic importance Citrus sinensis and Citrus reticulata can be good source of natural antioxidant, natural antifungal and natural insecticidal and they can be exploited in future after more clinical and pilot scale trials.
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