Effect of rice genotypes under different establishment techniques and nitrogen levels on the productivity of rice-wheat cropping system
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Date
2019
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CCSHAU
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Effect of rice genotypes under different establishment techniques and nitrogen levels on the productivity of rice-wheat cropping system” was conducted at farmer’s field in Karnal, Haryana during the kharif and rabi seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15. The treatments consisted of four rice crop establishment techniques viz. PTR (puddle transplant rice), Dry-DSR (direct seeded rice under dry conditions fb irrigation), Vattar-DSR (direct seeded rice under moist soil conditions) and ZTDSR (zero-till DSR) in main plots and three rice cultivars (PB 1121, PR 114 and Arize 6444) and two nitrogen levels viz. RDN (recommended dose of nitrogen) and RDN+25%N in sub-plots. Zero-till (ZT) wheat was grown as succeeding rabi crop across all the treatments. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications. PTR produced significantly more plant height and dry matter accumulation at 120 DAS than all DSR treatments. Number of tillers at all stages and number of panicles were higher under DSR treatments than PTR during both the years. Whereas, panicle length and grains panicle-1 were higher under PTR. Significantly, higher grain, straw and biological yield of rice was recorded under PTR in comparison to all DSR treatments during both year of study. PTR resulted in maximum gross returns whereas, maximum net returns were found under ZT-DSR treatment. Among rice cultivars, Arize 6444 produced maximum number of panicles m-2, number of grains panicle-1, grain and biological yield; whereas, maximum gross and net returns were recorded under PB 1121. Grain yield of basmati rice cultivar PB 1121 under DSR was similar to PTR, while coarse grain varieties (PR 114, Arize 6444) gave lower grain yield under DSR than PTR, indicating suitability of PB 1121 for direct seeding. RDN+25%N treatment resulted in higher growth and yield of rice crop compared to RDN during both the years. All varieties resulted in significantly higher grain yield under DSR with RDN+25%N than RDN, whereas both N doses were similar under PTR. ZT-wheat grown after DSR treatments produced significantly higher grain yield than after PTR. Among rice crop establishment methods, PTR produced maximum wheat equivalent system yield (138.69-145.61 q ha-1), maximum gross returns (Rs. 219094-221,850); whereas, ZT-DSR gave maximum net returns (Rs. 57,453-70,958 ha-1). Among rice cultivars, treatments under basmati PB-1121 resulted in maximum wheat equivalent system yield, gross and net returns in comparison to both the coarse grain varieties during both the years. Under DSR, 25% higher dose of N was beneficial than RDN.
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