ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF WHITE SORGHUM UNDER HIGH INPUT MANAGEMENT IN VERTISOLS
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Date
2016
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during post rainy season (maghi) of2015-
16 at RARS, Nandyal of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University tostudy the
“Assessment of production potential of white sorghum under high input
management in vertisols”. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with
three replications and treatment combinations of three irrigation levels and four
nitrogen levels making twelve treatments (three irrigation levels viz., no irrigation
(rainfed), one irrigation and two irrigations were tested against four nitrogen levels
viz., 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg N ha-1. Recommended dose of phosphorus (40 kg ha-1)
and potassium (30 kg ha-1) was applied uniformly to all the treatments. The salient
findings of the investigation are summarized below.
The soil of experimental site was clay in texture and it was moderately
alkaline in reaction with a pH of 8.6; EC of 0.15 dSm-1, low in organic carbon
(0.57%), low in available nitrogen (146.2 kg ha-1), medium in available
phosphorus (33.2 kg P2O5 ha-1) and high in available potassium (395.9 K2O kg ha-1).
The growth parameters like plant height, number of green leaves per plant
and dry matter production were higher with two irrigations and lower values
obtained with no irrigation. Application of 180 kg N ha-1 produced taller plants and
shorter plants were produced with 90 kg N ha-1. Number of green leaves per plant
and dry matter production were higher with application of 180 kg N ha-1and with 90
kg N ha-1resulted in lower values of these parameters.
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Days to 50 per cent flowering was maximum with no irrigation while the
minimum number of days to 50 per cent flowering was observed with two
irrigations which was comparable with one irrigation. As regards the nitrogen levels,
number of days taken to 50 per cent flowering, application of 180 kg N ha-1 resulted
in early flowering followed by 150 kg N ha-1. Whereas delayed flowering was
observed with 90 kg N ha-1 which was comparable with 120 kg N ha-1.
The yield components viz.,number of grains per panicle, grain weight per
panicle, grain and stover yields were significantly higher with two irrigations which
were comparable with one irrigation, while significantly lower values for all these
components were recorded with no irrigation.1000 grain weight did not differ
significantly with irrigation levels. Significantly higher number of grains per
panicle, grain weight per panicle, 1000 grain weight, grain and stover yields were
higher with 180 kg N ha-1and comparable with 150kg N ha-1. Lower values of these
components were recorded with 90 kg N ha-1. With regard to interaction significantly
higher grain yield was produced with two irrigations at 180 kg N ha-1 but it was on
par with two irrigations at 150 kg N ha-1 while lower grain yield was produced with
no irrigation at 90 kg N ha-1 which was on par with no irrigation at 120 kg N ha-1.
Higher stover yield was produced with two irrigations at 180 kg N ha-1 but was on
par with two irrigations at 150 and 120 kg N ha-1 and lower stover yield was
produced with no irrigation at 90 kg N ha-1 which was on par with no irrigation at
120, 150 and 180 and also comparable with one irrigation at 90 and 120 kg N ha-1.
Harvest index was higher with one irrigation compared to no irrigation and
two irrigations. Significantly higher harvest index was obtained with 150 kg N ha-
1 than 120 and 90 kg N ha-1.With regard to interaction, two irrigations recorded
higher harvest index at 150 kg N ha-1 which was on par with two irrigations at 180
kg N ha-1and one irrigation at 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg N ha-1while the lower values
were recorded with no irrigation at 90 and 120 kg N ha-1 which were on par with
each other.
With regard to post harvest soil available nutrients, no irrigation recorded
significantly higher post harvest soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
compared to two irrigations while lower values were recorded by two irrigations.
Among different levels of nitrogen, higher values of soil nutrients were recorded
with 90 kg N ha-1 except nitrogen which increased with increased nitrogen levels.
Lower phosphorus and potassium were recorded with 180 kg Nha-1, whereas lower
available nitrogen was recorded with 90 kg N ha-1.
Maximum nutrient uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in grain
and stover was recorded with two irrigations, while minimum values were obtained
with no irrigation.With regard to nitrogen levels, increased nutrient uptake of
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in grain and stover was observed with 180 kg
Nha-1 which was significantly superior over 90 kg Nha-1.
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Gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio of sorghum were influenced by
irrigation levels and nitrogen levels. Net returns and B:C ratio were maximum with
one irrigation, while gross returns were higher with two irrigations and minimum
values of gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio were observed with no irrigation.
Higher gross returns and net returns were produced with the application of 180 kg N
ha-1 compared to lower levels but the net returns were comparable with 150 kg N ha-
1. Higher B:C ratio was produced with 150 kg N ha-1 which was comparablewith180
kg N ha-1.
Among irrigation levels, one irrigation was better compared to other levels.
As regards nitrogen levels, higher economic returns were obtained with 150 kg N ha-
1. Hence, white sorghum can be grown successfully in vertisols with one irrigation at
150 kg N ha-1for getting higher yields and returns.
Description
D5373
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