Seed quality assessment in natural and artificial aged seed of tomato and eggplant
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Date
2023-01
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The seed of two important solanaceous crops tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and eggplant
(Solanum melongena L.) was procured from Department of Vegetable Science and study was
conducted to assess the effect of natural and artificial ageing on seed quality parameters and their
correlation and to find out the effect of priming and storage containers on seed quality at Department of
Seed Science and Technology, CCS HAU Hisar during 2020-2022. Under natural and artificial ageing
storage period most of the seed quality parameters showed decreasing trend as the storage period
increased in both cloth and polythene bag. Cloth bag maintained the germination upto 12 months while
polythene bag maintained germination up to 15 months above Indian Minimum Seed Certification
Standards (>70%). The polythene bag maintained 60.67 & 64.00% germination while in cloth bag it
was 55.67 & 60.00% after 18 months of storage under ambient conditions in tomato and eggplant seeds
respectively. The other seed quality parameters i.e. seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices,
viability percentage, speed of emergence index, seedling establishment, DHA, SOD, CAT, POD were
found superior in polythene bag as compare to cloth bag. The mean emergence time and fungus
infection was observed less in polythene as compare to cloth bag.The germination percentage after 24 h
(72.67, 74.00%) of artificial ageing were found at par with the values of germination after 12 months
(73.67, 77.00%) of natural ageing in polythene bag for tomato and eggplant respectively. Seeds primed
with GA3 @ 50 ppm can enhance 24.6 percent germination in tomato and 21.2% in eggplant over
unprimed seed in 18 months old seed. GA3 @50 ppm is also effective in controlling fungal infection
and enhancement of other seed quality parameters i.e. seedling length, seedling dry weight, seed
vigour indices, viability percentage, catalase activity, peroxidase activity, dehydrogenase activity,
superoxide dismutase activity, speed of emergence index and seedling establishment. It is concluded
from the study that polythene bag is a suitable container and GA3@50ppm is suitable priming agent for
tomato and eggplant seeds. Germination percentage after 12 months of natural storage can be estimated
through accelerated ageing test for 24 hours in tomato and eggplant crop.