Evaluation of stable soybean genotypes in excess moisture stress and dense plant population
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Date
2014
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JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Soybean (Glycine Max) is an important oil legume crop of the tropical and sub-tropical areas. The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of Stable Soybean Genotypes in Excess Moisture Stress and Dense Plant Population” was conducted at Seed Breeding Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur during the Kharif season, six July 2012 under JICA Project on Soybean. This investigation was carried out with 25 genotypes of soybean in randomized complete block design with three replication in three environments viz., control, dense plant population and excess moisture with three replications in each environment. Observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each replication per treatment in each environment. Data were recorded for traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of nodules plant-1, nodules fresh weight plant-1, nodules dry weight plant-1, plant height at flowering, plant height at maturity, number of nodes plant-1, internodal length, number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds plant-1, biological yield plant-1, harvest index, 100 seed weight and seed yield plant-1. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, path coefficients and stability for seed yield and traits.
Analysis of variance revealed significant and desirable level of variability for all the characters in each environment which indicates that new suitable and stable recombinants may be achieved through hybridization programme by involving these genotypes for different environments.
The high magnitude of GCV and PCV were recorded for traits viz., nodules fresh weight plant-1, nodules dry weight plant-1, number of pods plant-1 and number of seeds plant-1 in all environments. The high magnitude of both coefficients were recorded for traits viz., biological yield plant-1 and seed yield plant-1 in dense plant population and excessive moisture condition. Number of branches in excessive moisture condition and biological yield plant-1 in control condition showed high magnitude of PCV.
High heritability along with high genetic advance were recorded for traits viz., number of nodules plant-1, nodules fresh weight plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and seeds yield plant-1 in all environments for trait viz., nodules dry weight plant-1 in dense plant population and excessive moisture condition. Whereas high heritability along with moderate genetic advance were recorded for traits viz., nodules dry weight plant-1 while in case of dense plant population and for harvest index and 100 seed weight in case of excessive moisture condition showed preponderance of additive gene action. Remaining characters showed non additive gene action
The path analysis revealed that substantial positive direct effect on seed yield was exerted by biological yield plant-1 and harvest index in all environments. Number of seed plant-1 and 100 seed weight exhibited substantial positive direct effect on seed yield in dense plant population and excessive moisture condition. Whereas, plant height at maturity in control condition and number of nodes plant-1 in excessive moisture showed substantial positive direct effect on seed yield.
On the basis of mean yield performance JS 97-52, Bragg and NRC-37 in control conditions, JS 97-52, Bragg and JS 335 in dense plant population and JS 97-52, RVS 2007-1 and Bragg in excessive moisture were better. For dense plant population tolerant genotypes were identified as JS 335, JS 97-52 and JS 95-60 and for excess moisture tolerant genotypes are identified as JS 20-87, JS 95-60 and JS 20-69.
The most stable genotypes for biological yield plant-1 across the environments were JS 20-87, Bragg, RVS 2001-4, RVS 2007-4 and RVS 2007-5 ,for harvest index JS 20-53, JS 20-71, JS 20-73, JS 20-80, Bragg and RVS 2007-2 and for seed yield plant-1 JS 20-50, JS 20-53, JS 20-71, JS 20-73, JS 20-79, JS 97-52, Bragg, NRC-37, RVS 2001-4, RVS 2007-1 and RVS 2007-4 exhibited mean value greater than grand mean with unit regression coefficient (bi=1) and non-significant deviation from regression (S2di=0).
RVS 2001-4,JS 20-53, JS 20-50, JS 20-71, JS 20-79, Bragg and RVS 2007-1 that exhibited stable performance in all environments for more than four characters including most important yield contributing traits. Genotype JS 20-50 depicted suitability for better environment while JS 335 and JS 97-52 found suitable for poor environments.
ABSTRACT
Soybean (Glycine Max) is an important oil legume crop of the tropical and sub-tropical areas. The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of Stable Soybean Genotypes in Excess Moisture Stress and Dense Plant Population” was conducted at Seed Breeding Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur during the Kharif season, six July 2012 under JICA Project on Soybean. This investigation was carried out with 25 genotypes of soybean in randomized complete block design with three replication in three environments viz., control, dense plant population and excess moisture with three replications in each environment. Observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each replication per treatment in each environment. Data were recorded for traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of nodules plant-1, nodules fresh weight plant-1, nodules dry weight plant-1, plant height at flowering, plant height at maturity, number of nodes plant-1, internodal length, number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds plant-1, biological yield plant-1, harvest index, 100 seed weight and seed yield plant-1. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, path coefficients and stability for seed yield and traits.
Analysis of variance revealed significant and desirable level of variability for all the characters in each environment which indicates that new suitable and stable recombinants may be achieved through hybridization programme by involving these genotypes for different environments.
The high magnitude of GCV and PCV were recorded for traits viz., nodules fresh weight plant-1, nodules dry weight plant-1, number of pods plant-1 and number of seeds plant-1 in all environments. The high magnitude of both coefficients were recorded for traits viz., biological yield plant-1 and seed yield plant-1 in dense plant population and excessive moisture condition. Number of branches in excessive moisture condition and biological yield plant-1 in control condition showed high magnitude of PCV.
High heritability along with high genetic advance were recorded for traits viz., number of nodules plant-1, nodules fresh weight plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and seeds yield plant-1 in all environments for trait viz., nodules dry weight plant-1 in dense plant population and excessive moisture condition. Whereas high heritability along with moderate genetic advance were recorded for traits viz., nodules dry weight plant-1 while in case of dense plant population and for harvest index and 100 seed weight in case of excessive moisture condition showed preponderance of additive gene action. Remaining characters showed non additive gene action
The path analysis revealed that substantial positive direct effect on seed yield was exerted by biological yield plant-1 and harvest index in all environments. Number of seed plant-1 and 100 seed weight exhibited substantial positive direct effect on seed yield in dense plant population and excessive moisture condition. Whereas, plant height at maturity in control condition and number of nodes plant-1 in excessive moisture showed substantial positive direct effect on seed yield.
On the basis of mean yield performance JS 97-52, Bragg and NRC-37 in control conditions, JS 97-52, Bragg and JS 335 in dense plant population and JS 97-52, RVS 2007-1 and Bragg in excessive moisture were better. For dense plant population tolerant genotypes were identified as JS 335, JS 97-52 and JS 95-60 and for excess moisture tolerant genotypes are identified as JS 20-87, JS 95-60 and JS 20-69.
The most stable genotypes for biological yield plant-1 across the environments were JS 20-87, Bragg, RVS 2001-4, RVS 2007-4 and RVS 2007-5 ,for harvest index JS 20-53, JS 20-71, JS 20-73, JS 20-80, Bragg and RVS 2007-2 and for seed yield plant-1 JS 20-50, JS 20-53, JS 20-71, JS 20-73, JS 20-79, JS 97-52, Bragg, NRC-37, RVS 2001-4, RVS 2007-1 and RVS 2007-4 exhibited mean value greater than grand mean with unit regression coefficient (bi=1) and non-significant deviation from regression (S2di=0).
RVS 2001-4,JS 20-53, JS 20-50, JS 20-71, JS 20-79, Bragg and RVS 2007-1 that exhibited stable performance in all environments for more than four characters including most important yield contributing traits. Genotype JS 20-50 depicted suitability for better environment while JS 335 and JS 97-52 found suitable for poor environments.