Effect of Temperature Regimes on Post Anthesis Physiological Traits in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes
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Date
2016-06
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
Field experiment was under taken during kharif, 2015 to study the effect of temperature regimes on post anthesis physiological traits in groundnut genotypes with four different dates of sowing (D1, D2, D3 and D4 temperature regimes) and four genotypes (TMV-2, G2-52, Dh-86 and Dh-216) at Main Agricultural Research Station (MARS), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. The experimental results revealed that all morphological characters viz., plant height, number of branches, nodules plant-1 and phenological characters like days to flower initiation, 50 per cent flowering, peg initiation and pod maturity were found to be higher with more heat unit accumulation, phenothermal index, heat use efficiency (1.174) under D1 temperature regime and decrease with delayed sowing (increase temperature).
Highest pollen sterility (12.65 %) and reduced total flower production was noticed with increase in temperature (D4 temperature regime). Genotype G2-52 recorded (10.69 %) minimum pollen sterility with optimum numbers of flowers compared to other genotypes. Relative water content total chlorophyll, chl a/b and protein content in leaves were found to be more in D1 temperature regime with less membrane injury.
It was found that all phenological characters, GDD at physiological maturity (0.688**) and all yield components were strongly and positively correlated with yield, where as membrane injury index was found to be negatively correlated (-0.748**).
Yield and yield components viz., number of pods (15.75), seeds plant-1 (27.25), pod (14.02 g), seed (10.67 g), haulm weight (3.35 g), shelling percentage (76.21 %), test weight (35.46 g), harvest index (51.97 %) and pod yield (3,504 kg ha-1) were remarkably higher in D1 temperature regime. Among genotypes G2-52 performed better under all temperature regimes with optimum yield (3,064 kg ha-1) and was found to be heat tolerant.