Impact of lysine, calcium and vitamin D supplementation for improved muscle mass and bone health of young adult women
| dc.contributor.advisor | Bains, Kiran | |
| dc.contributor.author | Aggarwal, Renuka | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-07-17T06:01:51Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-07-17T06:01:51Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The study was aimed to assess the impact of supplementation either in the form of dietary or medicinal supplements of lysine, calcium and vitamin D in order to identify an appropriate approach for the improvement of body composition. A total of 473 young adult women in the age group of 20-30 years residing in Punjab Agricultural University hostels were selected randomly for the study. The average Body Mass Index (22.65 kg/m2) and Waist Hip Ratio (0.78) of the selected young women (20-30y) were in the normal range. There was quantitative inadequacy of protein in their diets as the average daily protein intake met 72% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance of protein. The diets were also poor in protein quality as the limiting amino acid lysine was only 55% of the recommended level. The analysis of the meals viz. breakfast, lunch and dinner of their diets revealed that the protein digestibility was the lowest for the breakfast (68.14 to 69.92%) followed by dinner (70.64 to 74.74%). The highest digestibility was for lunch (79.06 to 85.5%). The Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) values in the range of 0.30 to 0.48 for breakfast, 0.36 to 0.58 for lunch and 0.32 to 0.50 for dinner depicted poor protein quality of their diets. The daily calcium intake was only 50% of the recommended level. The daily intake of Vitamin D3 was negligible. The serum vitamin D levels were very low (10.22 ng/ml). The inadequate serum vitamin D levels were in 94.16% of the subjects. Osteopenia with low bone mineral density was diagnosed in 47.5% of the subjects. Supplementation of milk and its products in amounts to fill the gap of dietary intake and adequacy of protein as well as limiting amino acid lysine in their diets for a period of 12 weeks resulted in a significant reduction in body fat (6.62%) and visceral fat rating (9.47%) and a significant increase in skeletal muscle mass (3.98%) and bone mass (2.72%). Supplementation of eggs to meet the dietary adequacy of protein and lysine for 12 weeks significantly reduced the body fat by 8.47% and visceral fat rating by 7.93% and significantly improved the skeletal muscle mass by 5.58% and bone mass by 3.59%. Medicinal supplementation of lysine @ 250mg thrice a day and 343 mg of calcium twice a day to fill the gap of intake and adequacy for 12 weeks improved body composition by significantly reducing body fat by 7.37% and improving skeletal muscle mass by 5.31% and bone mass by 3.89%. Additional weekly supplementation of Vitamin D (60,000 IU) to three supplementation groups significantly (p 0.01) increased their serum vitamin D levels. Bone mineral density increased significantly (p 0.01) in medicinal supplementation group. The study recommends that improving the quality of diets through dietary or medicinal supplementation of lysine, calcium and vitamin D is an effective approach to achieve optimum body composition. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.citation | Aggarwal, R. (2020). Impact of lysine, calcium and vitamin D supplementation for improved muscle mass and bone health of young adult women (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810149312 | |
| dc.keywords | Women, body composition, protein, lysine, calcium, vitamin D | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.pages | 104 | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana | en_US |
| dc.research.problem | Impact of lysine, calcium and vitamin D supplementation for improved muscle mass and bone health of young adult women | en_US |
| dc.sub | Food and Nutrition | en_US |
| dc.subject | null | en_US |
| dc.theme | Impact of lysine, calcium and vitamin D supplementation for improved muscle mass and bone health of young adult women | en_US |
| dc.these.type | Ph.D | en_US |
| dc.title | Impact of lysine, calcium and vitamin D supplementation for improved muscle mass and bone health of young adult women | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |