CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ‘PHULE-TRIVENI’ CROSSBRED CATTLE
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Date
2008
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
The present research work “Cytogenetic
characterization of ‘Phule-Triveni’ crossbred cattle” was
undertaken to characterize the breed on cytological level. Phule
Triveni cross-bred cow strain, developed at MPKV, Rahuri is a
triple cross-bred cow having blood level of HF (50 %), Jersey (25
%) and Gir (25 %) and karyotyping of this strain can help in
screening breeding bulls for existence of hereditary diseases
caused by detectable chromosomal defects. Elimination of such
abnormal animals will help to maintain the herd cytogenetically
clean.
A total of 20 ‘Phule-Triveni’ cattle (10 males and 10
females) maintained at Research Cum Development Project on
Cattle, MPKV, Rahuri were utilized for the present investigation.
The chromosome preparation were made by using short term
peripheral blood lymphocyte culture technique.The number of chromosomes were counted in about 10
metaphases per animal and best metaphases for each sex were
photographed and karyotypes were prepared. The length of
chromosomes was measured using vernier calipers with an
accuracy of 0.02 mm.
The relative length of a chromosome was measured as
the ratio of its length to the total length of haploid chromosome set
containing an x-chromosome and then expressed as percentage.
The idiograms were drawn using relative length of chromosomes.
The arm ratio was computed as the ratio of length of short arm (p)
to the length of long arm (q). The centromeric index was calculated
as the ratio of length of short arm (p) to the total length of a
chromosome (p + q).
The diploid chromosome number for Phule-Triveni
crossbred cattle was found to be 60. All the 29 pairs of autosomes
were acrocentric in nature, whereas X-chromosome was
submetacentric. The Y- chromosome of Phule-Triveni cattle was
acrocentric in morphology.
The first pair of chromosome contributed 5.545 per
cent in male genome and 5.540 per cent in female genome,
whereas, the last pair contributed 1.571 and 1.623 per cent in
males and females, respectively. In Phule-Triveni males, X
chromosome contributed about 5.499 per cent to total genome
whereas, Y-chromosome contributed about 1.524 per cent.
The arm ratio of X-chromosome in the present
investigation was found to be 0.57 per cent and centromeric index
There was significant effect of sex on the mean relative
length of chromosomes of Phule-Triveni cattle.
The present study revealed that the chromosome
architecture of Phule-Triveni cattle was similar to that of the other
breeds of zebu cattle.
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