Surface and Ground Water Modeling with Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds in Andhiyarkhore Intercepted Catchment through Advanced Hydrological Techniques.
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Date
2017
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Department of Farm Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Abstract
Catchment Area Treatment plan (CAT) was proposed for efficient planning and management of Andhiyarkhore intercepted catchment. The meteorological and hydrological data available for study from 1980 to 2009 was used for modeling rainfall-runoff process. The modeling of rainfall-runoff process was done for three gauging station form upstream to downstream i.e. HampPandariya, SakariGoreghat and Andhiyarkhore using Mike-11 NAM, ANN and ANFIS model. The results show that all the three models were satisfactorily good in simulating the rainfall-runoff process. However, overall performance of ANN model was found best.The estimation of natural groundwater recharge using Water Table Fluctuation (WTF) method as per the guidelines given in GEC-84was also done for study area. The 849.79 km2 area of Andhiyarkhore intercepted catchment (38.96%) is under extremely critical to critical category having only 4.134% of average annual rainfall being contributed to groundwater recharge which need immediate attention for augmenting artificial groundwater recharge. The study area was delineated into 51 sub-watersheds for prioritization. The average annual soil loss for each sub-watershed was calculated using RUSLE varying between 6.1 ton ha-1 year-1 (SW-30) to 33.89 ton ha-1 year-1 (SW-27). The sediment production rate varies from lowest 0.02 for SW-31 to highest 2.48 ha m/100 sq. km/year for SW-19. The sediment yield varies from lowest 0.38 (SW-12) to highest 1.68 (SW-29) Mm3/km2/year. The sediment yield in sub-watersheds ranges from lowest 0.38 (SW-12) to highest 1.68 (SW-29) Mm3/km2/year. The CATplanning was most complex and time consuming task of entire study as it was decided based on multi-criteria. The most important criteria for erosion control measures were average annual soil loss, sediment production rate and sediment yield followed by morphometric parameters. However for identifying location for artificial recharge structures, the average annual groundwater recharge, soil and geology, topography (slope), land use and buffer zone area to be benefitted by structure was taken into consideration. The agronomic measures as proposed in CAT plan were based on the existing land use, amount of degradation or soil erosion estimated from the studyhowever it is to be understood that before implementing on field it should be applied only when it is logical and economically feasible for particular condition.
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Rainfall-runoff modeling