EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCLAY PARTICLES FROM BLACK AND RED SOILS OF ANDHRA PRADESH

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dc.contributor.advisorMUNASWAMY, V
dc.contributor.authorNAGARAJU, K
dc.date.accessioned2019-05-10T05:17:07Z
dc.date.available2019-05-10T05:17:07Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionD5736en_US
dc.description.abstractThe present investigation was carried out to study “Extraction and Characterization of Nanoclay Particles from Black and Red Soils of Andhra Pradesh”. For this, ten surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in different districts of Andhra Pradesh covering black and red soils. The soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory for physical, physico-chemical, electro-chemical and Extraction and Characterization of Nanoclay Particles. Five samples of black soils were collected from Kurnool, East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna and Guntur districts and five soil samples of red soils from Anantapur, Kadapa, Chittoor, Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam districts Andhra Pradesh. Clay particles from these soil samples were collected using the International Pipette method. The texture of black soils in the study area ranged from clay loam to sandy clay loam whereas the textures of red soils were sandy clay loam. The black soils in the study area were very acidic to very slightly alkaline (5.5 to 8.0) in reaction and the red soils were neutral to very slightly alkaline (6.51 to 7.9) in reaction. The black and red soils were non saline in nature. The cation exchange capacity of black soils in the study area were ranged from 32.3 to 42.1 cmol (p+) kg-1 soil with a mean value of 37.6 cmol (p+) kg-1 soil, while in red soils ranged ranged from 15.6 to 17.2 cmol (p+) kg-1 soil with a mean value of 16.32 cmol (p+) kg-1 soil. xix The present study emphasized on the differences in the spectrochemical and optical characteristics of clay particles collected from various regions of Andhra Pradesh which were categorized into black and red soils. From the DLS analysis, no significant differences were noticed in the size of the particles (ranged from 9.8 to 47.8 nm) as well as in their viscosity (range from 0.892-0.895) in both types. However, we have observed a wide range of difference in the zeta potential. The nanoclay particles extracted from black soil were proven to be less stable with a least zeta potential of +22.5 mV (Kambaladinne) and red soil with high stability and dispersion with a highest zeta potential of -69 mV (Utukur). In black and red soils of Andhra Pradesh, the peak corresponding at 242 nm revealed the presence of Kaolin mineral in the samples of Garikapadu, Lam farm, Maruteru, Vizianagaram, while the peak corresponding at 245 nm revealed the presence of Montmorillonite mineral in the samples of Anakapalli and Rajamahendravaram, while the peak corresponding at 250 nm revealed the presence of Vermiculite mineral in the samples of Kambaladinne, Rekulakunta, Utukur, Tirupati. Further, the FTIR data revealed presence of carboxylic acid salts (1523 cm-1), phosphate (900 cm-1) and silicon ions (1100 cm-1), thiols/ethers (684 cm- 1) were commonly present in all the samples irrespective of black and red soils but alkyl carbonates (1742 cm-1) were seen in all black soil samples and also exclusively in the red soil. The crystal structure analyses revealed that Kaolin was present exclusively in the clay samples of coastal regions (7 Å spacing) and rectorite characteristic to 25.0 Å spacing was seen in both types of soil but Montmorilonites (17.7 Å) was detected only in the samples of Anakapalli and Rajamahendravaram. Electron microscopy showed curved and matted flakes in black soils of Garikapadu, Kambaladinne and Maruteru while that of Lam farm, Rajamahendravaram, Garikapadu have shown a combination of spiny and flocculating flakes. The red soils of Anakapalli have shown curved and matted flakes while that of Rekulakunta, Vizianagaram, Tirupati and Utukur have shown a combination of spiny and flocculating flakes.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810102689
dc.keywordsEXTRACTION, CHARACTERIZATION, NANOCLAY PARTICLES, BLACK SOILS, RED SOILS, ANDHRA PRADESHen_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.pages129en_US
dc.publisherAcharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural Universityen_US
dc.research.problemEXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCLAY PARTICLES FROM BLACK AND RED SOILS OF ANDHRA PRADESHen_US
dc.subSoil Science and Agriculture Chemistryen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeEXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCLAY PARTICLES FROM BLACK AND RED SOILS OF ANDHRA PRADESHen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.titleEXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCLAY PARTICLES FROM BLACK AND RED SOILS OF ANDHRA PRADESHen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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