Ultrasound assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of maize (Zea Mays L.) germ oil

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dc.contributor.authorDatt, Samridh
dc.contributor.editorSidhu, Gagandeep Kaur
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-12T07:40:09Z
dc.date.available2018-01-12T07:40:09Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractIn the present study ultrasound assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of maize germ was carried out. A three-variable, three-level response surface methodology using Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied for optimizing the extraction condition in order to obtain the high oil recovery from the maize germ. The three independent variables set were extraction temperature (40-60°C), ultrasonic pre-treatment time (40-60) min, and water to seed ratio (4:1-6:1w/w) at the three levels. A total of seventeen experiments were designed. By considering all the responses simultaneously for optimization, it was found that the optimum conditions for extraction of maize germ using UAAE method was found as incubation temperature of 40°C, time 60 min and water to seed ratio of 4.86:1 respectively. The maximum oil recovery under these was found as 86.20%. The optimized samples had a saponification value of 189.27 (mg KOH/g), acid value 3.15 (mg KOH/g), FFA 1.58 (mg KOH/g), peroxide value of 5.01 (millieq), density 883.55 (kg/m3), color change 20.08, refractive index of 1.50 respectively and total extraction time was 7.5 h and it was taken as the basis for the comparison with solvent extraction method. It was found that oil recovery from solvent extraction was nearly same as that of UAAE but the quality parameters of the UAAE extracted oil was better than that of solvent extracted oil. The oil extracted by the optimized parameters of UAAE oil and the oil extracted by the solvent extraction method were subjected to storage in the glass and HDPE bottles in dark and light under ambient conditions. There was considerable change in the quality parameters in the solvent extracted oil and UAAE oil was quite stable even after the 90 days of storage. The extraction method was also subjected to economic analysis, it was clear that an initial investment of `2479360, the project gives profit of `370685 and payback period of 0.30 years and can provide employment to 2-3 persons.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810039269
dc.keywordsMaize germ, ultrasound, enzyme, response surface methodology, Box-Behnkenen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.pages68en_US
dc.publisherPunjab Agricultural University, Ludhianaen_US
dc.subProcessing and Food Engineeringen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.titleUltrasound assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of maize (Zea Mays L.) germ oilen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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