EXPLORATION OF RESISTANCE SOURCES IN BRINJAL TO Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Undirwade, Dr. D. B. | |
| dc.contributor.author | THAKARE, VRUNDA SHRHARI. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-04-13T08:48:12Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-04-13T08:48:12Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-02-23 | |
| dc.description | The field screenings were conducted to study the response of 22 desirable genotypes of brinjal against shoot and fruit borer L. orbonalis. The inter-specific hybridization was carried out during kharif 2017, involving thirteen cultivated genotypes of brinjal with one wild Solanum spp. (S. viarum), with the assumption that, the latter may contain genetic resistance to BSFB. Based on the result of screening of 22 genotypes in kharif 2017, fourteen promising genotypes were selected along with obtained F1 hybrids from crossing program and are then evaluated for their response against L. orbonalis in kharif 2018 under natural condition. Some important biophysical characters imparting resistance/susceptibility were recorded in selected promising genotypes. The biochemical constituents were assessed to find out their relationship with resistance/susceptibility against L. orbonalis. Based on the results obtained from the screening studies, five promising genotypes, representing one highly resistant, one resistant, one moderately resistant, one susceptible, one highly susceptible were selected for studying anatomical attributes. The digestive enzyme viz., protease, lipase, amylase were estimated from the test larvae. The study on molecular characterization of selected genotypes of brinjal using targeted fingerprinting marker was carried out at the Biotechnology Center, Department of Agricultural Botany, PGI, Dr. PDKV, Akola. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Field evaluation of twenty-two brinjal genotypes/varieties against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis Guenee was carried out during kharif 2017. The shoot infestation caused by L. orbonalis revealed that, genotype Susa local, AKB-46, AKB-62, and Jayant recorded significantly less infestation of 0.89, 1.92,1.99, and 2.04 -per cent respectively. While the fruit infestation on weight basis was lowest in Susa local (4.89 %), which was on statistically on par with AKB-46 (8.07 %), followed by AKB-31 (13.11 %), Jayant (14.24 %), AKB-62 (14.94 %). Whereas among tested genotypes, significantly lowest number basis fruit infestation noticed in genotype Susa local (4.52 %), on par with Pune Kateri (8.38 %), followed by AKB-46 (10.37 %) and Jayant (10.86 %). The result of interspecific hybridization revealed that five cross combinations were found successful among all the crosses performed in selected thirteen genotypes. Likewise, AKB-46 (F1), AKB-62 (F1), AKB-17-01 (F1), AKB-17-3 (F1), AKB-18-3 (F1) were obtained from crossing programme. The result of screening of promising genotypes of brinjal along with obtained F1 crosses against L. orbonalis revealed that Susa local (1.30 %), on par with AKB-46 (F1) (1.65 %), AKB-46 (1.97 %), AKB-62 (F1) (2.54 %), Jayant (2.54 %) and AKB-62 (2.58 %) were observed to suffer less shoot damage. In the case of weight basis fruit infestation, Susa local showed the lowest fruit infestation of 5.75 per cent, which was on par with AKB-46 (F1), (6.82 %), AKB-62 (F1), (9.77 %) and AKB-46 (10.32 %). While significantly lowest fruit infestation on a number basis was noticed in the genotype Susa local, about 4.05 per cent. While it was statistically on par with AKB-46 (F1) reflected 5.78 per cent infestation, and it was followed by genotype AKB-46 recording 8.56 per cent infestation. Biophysical and biochemical bases of resistance of brinjal genotypes to L. orbonalis were assessed. Biophysical studies revealed that the shoot thickness mainly governs the shoot infestation as it showed negative correlation (r = -0.648). The fruit infestation by L. orbonalis was mainly influenced by pericarp thickness (r= -0.801), moisture (r = 0.642), total sugars (r =0.898), and crude protein ((r = 0.755) which exerted significant and positive influence, while Total phenol content (r = -0.807) and polyphenol oxidase (r = -0.727) offered resistance mechanism against fruit borer infestation. The anatomical characters studied in the shoot of selected brinjal genotypes revealed that highly resistant (Susa local), resistant (AKB-46) and moderately resistant genotypes possessing thick cuticle, more collenchymatous tissue, compactly arranged epidermal cells, cortical tissue with less intercellular spaces, vascular tissue with lignified cells interfascicular region is composed of lignified tissues, well developed parenchymatous tissue, compact vascular bundles with less pith area. The non-preference mechanism of resistance against L. orbonalis, was studied in five genotypes of a wide array of the grade under single choice test and multiple-choice test in the net cages. The results indicated that highly susceptible cultivar Swetha was more preferred for oviposition under both the test condition than the susceptible genotype, AKB-77. While highly resistant Susa local cultivar and resistant genotype, AKB-46 was least preferred for oviposition. Moreover, the moderately resistant genotype gives a moderate response in the case of oviposition. The biophysical character trichome density on leaf lamina played a significant role in the ovipositional preference/non-preference of the female moth's test genotypes. Antibiosis mechanism of resistance studies showed a significantly lowest survival rate of larva on highly resistant (Susa local) and resistant (AKB-46) genotype ranging from 15 to 30 per cent. Similarly, a significantly minimum larval period of 8.76 days and maximum pupal period of 9.06 days was recorded in the resistant genotype, AKB-46. While the larva reared on highly resistant genotype, Susa local gained less weight of 36.23 mg and less pupal weight of 20.54 mg as against maximum 45.69 mg larval weight gained on highly susceptible cultivar Swetha. Highly resistant genotype Susa local recorded significantly lowest length of larva with 8.37 mm as against maximum larval length of 13.31 mm was noticed on the highly susceptible genotype Swetha. Biochemical constituents of genotypes mainly governed the antibiosis mechanism of resistance. High phenols and polyphenol oxidase activity in highly resistant genotypes had adversely affected larval survival, and weight gain parameters mainly influenced the antibiosis mechanism to the maximum extent. The result of Comparative digestive enzyme flexibility of L. orbonalis on selected brinjal genotypes revealed that the larvae feeding on resistant genotype AKB-31 had the most significant amylolytic activity (1.866 U/mg protein) followed by larva feeding on resistant cultivar Jayant 1.745 U/mg protein during the third instar. Simultaneously, the highest activity of protease was recorded in larvae collected from resistant genotype, AKB-62 (2.583 U/g protein). Similarly, the highest lipase activity was observed in a gut extract of third instar larvae collected from genotype AKB-46 (0.171 mg/ml/min protein). Molecular analysis of fourteen cultivated brinjal genotype along with one wild genotype was carried out using twenty-two primers. Out of twenty-two markers, the eight SSR, twelve ISSR markers were amplified polymorphic alleles. The twenty markers resulted in the amplification of 62 observable alleles with an average of 3.1 alleles per locus. Fifty-eight polymorphic alleles were amplified using the 20 molecular markers within the selected 15 brinjal genotypes. Among twenty-two markers, twenty markers were shown good polymorphism, and the remaining two were not amplified. Markers, EEMS-06, EEMS-21, EMS-48, EMS-107, EM-114, EM-120, ISSR-2, ISSR-3, ISSR-4, ISSR-5, ISSR-6, P-8, P-10, UBC-807, UBC-815, UBC-820 shows the 100 % polymorphism followed by 75 % polymorphism shown by EEMS-13, EEMS-33, and ISSR-1 and 50 % polymorphism were shown by the P5 marker. Based on the dissimilarity matrix analysis by the UPGMA software, a total of seven clusters were formed among the 15 brinjal genotypes, and AKB-46, grouped into a separate cluster which showed more resistant response in case L. orbonalis during screening program as compared to another genotype. As against, during the screening program, highly susceptible response recorded cultivar Swetha grouped into separate cluster. A variety Pune Kateri, which biophysically exhibits more thorniness than other genotypes, reflects moderately resistant response against L. orbonalis, grouped in another separate cluster. Similarly, the wild relative of brinjal, which has prickly stem, prickly leaves, golf ball size fruit, forms a separate cluster. The present molecular result indicates the usefulness of assessing genetic diversity using SSR and ISSR markers and its potential to determine the dissimilarity between genotypes more precisely than morphological markers that may be utilised in the resistance breeding pre-breeding program of brinjal improvement. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.citation | THAKARE VRUNDA SHRHARI. (2020). Exploration of resistance sources in brinjal to Leucinodes orbonalis guenee. Department of Agricultural Entomology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Ph. D. 2020. Print. xix, 216p. (Unpublished). | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810163457 | |
| dc.keywords | Brinjal, Brinjal shoot and fruit borer, BSFB, Leucinodes orbonalis, Screening, Genotypes, Brinjal crossing, Inter-specific hybridization, Resistance breeding, Wild relative, Solanum viarum, Brinjal varieties, Brinjal biophysical character, Brinjal biochemical, Brinjal anatomy, Leucinodes orbonalis digestive enzyme, Molecular characterization, SSR marker, ISSR marker, | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
| dc.pages | xix, 216p. | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra. | en_US |
| dc.research.problem | In the present research the researcher has tried to evaluate the different genotypes of brinjal for their reaction against Leucinodes orbonalis Guen and to execute crossing programme of selected brinjal genotypes for resistance in F1 generation. The researcher has also tried to assess biophysical and biochemical characterization of different grade of selected brinjal genotypes imparting resistance or susceptibility and to study antixenosis and antibiosis mechanism of host plant resistance and also tried to study the digestive enzyme titers in Leucinodes orbonalis Guen and to assess the divergence of selected brinjal genotypes using targeted fingerprinting marker. | en_US |
| dc.sub | Agricultural Entomology | en_US |
| dc.theme | The present research deals with exploring the resistance sources in brinjal to Leucinodes orbonalis, which can further be use in resistance breeding programme. | en_US |
| dc.these.type | Ph.D | en_US |
| dc.title | EXPLORATION OF RESISTANCE SOURCES IN BRINJAL TO Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee. | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |