Anaesthetic evaluation of various combinations of xylazine, ketamine and tiletaminezolazepam in dogs
Loading...
Date
2022-07
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
Eighteen dogs of either sex, different breed, body weight and age (requiring various surgical corrections) were randomly divided into three groups namely A, B and C. Atropine sulphate (0.025mg/kg SC) was administered in all the groups followed by tiletamine-zolazepam (till effect IV) in group A, xylazine (0.5mg/kg IM) and tiletamine-zolazepam (till effect IV) in group B and xylazine (0.5mg/kg), ketamine (2.5mg/kg) and tiletamine-zolazepam (till effect IV) in group C. The induction dose of tiletamine-zolazepam observed in group A, B and C were 6.5, 5.5 and 4 mg/kg body weight respectively on intravenous administration. The efficacy of the anaesthesia was evaluated by observing clinical (induction dose, induction time, duration of anaesthesia, sternal recumbency time, complete recovery time, jaw relaxation score, pedal reflex score and palpebral reflex score), physiological (heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, capillary refill time, systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure and haemoglobin oxygen saturation), haematological (haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, total leucocyte count and differential leucocyte count) and biochemical (total protein, plasma glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) parameters before and after administration of anaesthetic drugs. Anaesthetic effects like analgesia and muscle relaxation was observed to be slightly better in group C in comparison to group A and B. Heart rate increased and respiration rate decreased post induction in all three groups. Haematological parameters like haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, total leucocyte count, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils showed transient decrease whereas neutrophils showed transient increase in all the groups at 30 and 60 minutes post induction and approximately approached baseline value by 24 hours. Biochemical parameter like total protein showed transitory decrease whereas plasma glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase reported an increase in all the groups at 30 and 60 minutes post induction and approached baseline values by 24 hours. These changes in haematological and biochemical parameters were within normal physiologic range. Tiletaminezolazepam with its fast and smooth induction, intermediate duration of action, excellent muscle relaxation and good compatibility with xylazine and ketamine, was found to be an effective general anaesthetic either alone or in combination. Group C with xylazine, ketamine and tiletamine-zolazepam combination required significantly lower induction dose and provided
longer duration of anaesthesia in comparison to group A and group B.