ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF Bauhinia purpurea LEAF EXTRACT IN RATS
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Date
2006-05
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
Traditional plant treatments for diabetes mellitus are being
considered to be safe alternatives with minimum possible side effects. to the
present therapies of insulin and othcr oral hypoglycemic agents.
Consequently the search to find out suitable remedies and to evaluate the
cfticacy 01' v:irious indigenous plant products has gained momentum
throughout the world. However. only very few of them received scientific
validity and endorsement. In this pretest the present study was initiated with
the aim of evaluating the effect of an aqueous leaf extract of Bouhi~zia
purprrrea in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
Male albino rats 70 nos. were procured for the study and ten of them
kept as control and the remaining were made diabetic by a single
intraperitonial injection of alloxan monohydrate dissolved in sterile normal
saline @I20 mg/ kg body weight. After 72 h, from the sixty rats which
were induced for diabetes, rats that showed moderate hyperglycaemia with
blood glucose levels >200 mg/ dl, 50 numbers were selected and randomly
assigned into five groups consisting of 10 rats in each group.
The rats in group I1 served as diabetic control without therapy
throughout the experiment. Rats in groups, IV, V and VI were treated with
aqueous leaf extract of Bauhinia purpurea @ SOOmg, 500mg, and
750mg/kg b.wt. respectively, where as rats in group I11 were treated with
insulin (Standard control) @, 5. IU/ kg b.wt.
The experiment was carried out for a period of 30 days. The plasma
concentrations of biomarkcrs of diabetes mellitus Viz. glucose. total
cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine. and
blood urea nitrogen were determined and body weights recorded at 10 days
interval. At the end of the experiment histopathological studies of pancreas.
liver and kidncy \\ere conducted to draw possible conclusions.
Results of' the present study re-:ealed a significant (P~0.10 ) increase
in concentrations of plasma glucose. total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol.
triglycerides, crcatinine. blood urea nitrogen and significant (P<0.0 1)
decrease in body weights and lIDI, cholesterol concentration in the diabetic
control group. In all the groups treated with aqueous leaf' extract of
Bauhinia purpurea, exhibited significant (P<0.01) alleviating effect on the
histopathological and serobiochemical alterations brought about by alloxan,
while in control group, the serobiochemical parameters remained unaltered
(Pq0.01) at basal level. The histopathological examination of pancreas
revealed regeneration of pancreatic p-cells in the groups treated with
aqueous leaf extract of Bauhinia purpurea and also in groups treated with
insulin, when compared to that of the diabetic control, where no such
regeneration of pancreatic p-cells was noticed.
Among the three doses of aqueous leaf extract of Bauhiniapurpurea
that were tested for their efficacy in three different treatment groups, the
extract (@ 750 mgkg b. \vt was observed to be better in alleviating the
pathological changes instigated by alloxan. when compared to the other two
doses of 500mg/kg b. wt and 300rndkg b. wt, with efficacy comparable to
that of insulin. However, further study is warranted to determine the
principle, responsible for hypoglycemic action and the exact mechanism
by which the aqueous leaf extract of Bazthinia purpurea was able to induce
hypoglycemia in the experimental rats on a scale comparable to that of
insulin.
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