Genetic architecture of yield traits and molecular characterization of important quality characters in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss. .
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Date
2020
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CCSHAU,HiSAR
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to study “Genetic architecture of yield traits and molecular characterization of important quality characters in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.)”. Six generations each i.e. parents, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 were generated from two crosses (RH 0749 x RLC-3 and RH 0749 x PDZ-1) using three varieties (RH 0749, RLC-3 and PDZ-1) having extreme level of erucic acid and glucosinolates content, during rabi 2015-16 and rabi 2016-17. Observations were recorded on following characters viz., days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, main shoot length (cm), number of siliqua on main shoot, siliqua length (cm), number of seed per siliqua, 1000-seed wt. (g), seed yield per plant (g), oil content (%), oleic acid (%), linoleic acid(%), linolenic acid (%), erucic acid (%) and glucosinolates content (μ mol/g defatted meal). Generation mean analysis revealed significant differences for most of the trait studied. Individual scaling test as well as χ2 in joint scaling test were observed significant for most of the characters studied. Hence, six parameter model was suggested. In general, additive gene effects were found to play significant role for 1000-seed weight, seed yield per plant and few other associated characters. For quality traits, additive gene effects were more important than dominant gene effects. Duplicate epistasis were observed for most of the characters studied in both the crosses. Inheritance of erucic acid and glucosinolates content were also studied. For erucic acid content no significant differences were observed between F1s and reciprocals in both the crosses. The classes of erucic acid in F2 generation fits well in segregation ration of 1:4:6:4:1 indicated digenic inheritance of erucic acid with additive effect. Minimum number of effective factor pairs for erucic acid were ranged from 1.77 to 1.84 indicated two gene control of this trait. Total glucosinolates content were found to influenced by maternal/ cytoplasm effect. Minimum number of effective factor pair were ranged from 3.87 to 4.45 in two crosses indicated that inheritance of total glucosinolates content were under control of at least 4 to 5 gene pairs. The PCR amplification of primers related to FAE1 gene revealed a single band. Similarly, amplification of primers related to glucosinolates content also revealed monomorphic band between contrasting parents. This suggested that variation between parents were due to minor or point mutation with the possibilities of SNPs being responsible for the variation.