INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN RICE - JOWAR SEQUENCE IN KRISHNA ZONE OF A.P.
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Date
2018
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Integrated Nutrient Management in rice-jowar
sequence in Krishna zone of A.P.” was conducted for two consecutive years (2015-
2016 and 2016-2017) on sandy clay loam soil of Agricultural College Farm,
Bapatla. The treatments consisted of different combinations of nitrogen i.e. T1 :100
% RDN, T2 :75% RDN + 25% Farmyard manure, T3 :50% RDN + 50% Farmyard
manure, T4 :25% RDN + 75% Farmyard manure, T5 :75% RDN + 25% Poultry
manure, T6 :50% RDN + 50% Poultry manure, T7 :25% RDN + 75% Poultry
manure, T8 :75% RDN + 25% Vermicompost, T9 :50% RDN + 50% Vermicompost,
T10 :25% RDN + 75% Vermicompost, T11 :75% RDN + 25% Green manure, T12
:50% RDN + 50% Green manure and T13 :25% RDN + 75% Green manure.
The investigation was carried out in kharif and rabi seasons and kharif rice
experiment was laid out in randomized block design with thirteen treatments and
replicated thrice.
The rabi experiment was laid out on the same site in a split plot design
without disturbing the soil (under no till conditions) for succeeding jowar crop and
each of the kharif plot was divided into three sub-plots to receive three levels of
nitrogen (N0: 0% N, N50: 50% N and N100:100% N) to each plot. The experiment on
rice-jowar sequence as detailed above was repeated on a separate site but in the
same block during kharif and rabi in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Popular
cultivars of rice and jowar, BPT-5204 and Mahalakshmi-296 respectively, were
chosen for the study.
Data collected on growth parameters (plant height, drymatter accumulation),
yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index and nutrient uptake of rice
were subjected to statistical analysis and results indicated that all the characters
studied were significantly higher with application of 100% RDN through inorganic
fertilizer (T1), however it was on a par with that of application of 50% RDN+ 50 %
Green manure (T12) and 50% RDN + 50% Poultry manure (T6) during both the
years of study.
Physical and nutritional (quality) characters of rice grain like amylase
content, volume expansion ratio, kernel elongation ratio and water uptake were
significantly influenced by application of inorganic and organic sources of
nitrogen. Whereas, milling quality parameters like hulling, milling percentages and
head rice recovery, were not significantly influenced by application of inorganic
and organic sources of nitrogen.
Growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield, economic returns and
nutrient uptake of jowar were significantly influenced by the different combinations
of nitrogen sources applied to kharif rice crop. Plant height, drymatter
accumulation, number of ear heads m-2, ear head length, ear head weight, test
weight, grain yield, stover yield, economic returns and nutrient uptake of jowar
which received 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer (T1) were remained on a
par with 50% RDN+ 50 % Green manure (T12) and 50% RDN + 50% Poultry
manure (T6) which were applied during preceding kharif rice were significantly
higher than the other combinations of nitrogen sources.
Irrespective of different combinations of sources of nitrogen in kharif rice,
nitrogen levels imposed to succeeding jowar (N0 to N100), N100 treatment increased
the grain yield significantly in 1st and 2nd year of study i.e. 3081 kg ha-1 and 3251
kg ha-1 and 3594 kg ha-1 and 3991 kg ha-1 respectively. The maximum grain yield of
jowar i.e. 3307 kg ha-1 and 3575 kg ha-1 was recorded with the application of 100%
N level and residual affect of 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer applied to
preceding rice crop.
In general, the available N, P and K status after harvest of each cropping
sequence was lower following residual affect of 100% RDN through inorganic
fertilizer and 100% N level than the other combinations of sources and levels of
nitrogen due to high uptake of nutrients by the crop during both the years of study.
The higher gross and net returns and higher returns per rupee investment
were obtained with recommended dose of fertilizers of 100% RDN (T1), followed
by 50% RDN+ 50% Green manure and 50% RDN + 50% Poultry manure applied
to kharif rice crop and 100% N level imposed to rabi jowar crop.
Overall, the field studies conducted for two consecutive years clearly
indicated that the application of 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer was
remained on par with combined application of inorganic and organic sources i.e
green manure and poultry manure (@ 50% each) and these treatments had a
significant influence in increasing productivity and profitability in rice - no till
jowar sequence. It is therefore, concluded that application of 100% RDN through
inorganic fertilizer, 50% RDN+ 50 % Green manure and 50% RDN + 50% Poultry
manure to kharif rice followed by 100% N level to succeeding rabi jowar was the
best under no till conditions of this region. Hence, rice-no till jowar is the profitable
cropping sequence of this region.
Description
D5598
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