Studies on physiological, haematobiochemical and clinical effects of etomidate, propofol, ketamine and sevoflurane anaesthesia in dexmedetomidine premedicated dogs
| dc.contributor.advisor | Jadon, Narendra Singh | |
| dc.contributor.author | Bisth, Devender Singh | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-12-15T06:45:06Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2017-12-15T06:45:06Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2017-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Thirty six adult dogs (requiring various clinical procedures) used in this study were divided randomly into six subgroups (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2). All the dogs were subjected to the administration atropine sulphate at the dose rate of 0.04mg/kg s/c followed by dexmedetomidine given as preanaesthetic at the dose rate of 10 µg/kg iv in groups A1, B1 and C1 and at the dose rate of 15 µg/kg iv in groups A2, B2 and C2. The animals of group A1 and A2 were induced with etomidate at the dose rate of 1.66±0.11mg/kg iv and 1.58±0.19mg/kg iv, animals of group B1 and B2 with propofol at the dose rate of 2.46±0.19mg/kg iv and 2.45±0.20mg/kg iv whereas the animals of group C1 and C2 were induced with ketamine at the dose rate of 7.70±0.17 iv and 7.60±0.20 mg/kg iv respectively. Anaesthesia was maintained in all the groups of animals with sevoflurane. The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane was determined in all the animals by the tail clamp method. The level of anaesthesia was determined by observing various clinical (Induction time, duration of anaesthesia, muscle relaxation, pedal reflex, palpebral reflex, recovery time, sternal recumbency time, standing time, complete recovery time, required doses of different drugs and sevoflurane MAC reductions (%), physiological (rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, capillary refill time, haemoglobin oxygen saturation-SpO2, electrocardiography), haematological (haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, total leucocyte count, differential leucocyte count, packed cell volume, erythrocytic indices MCV, MCH, MCHC and biochemical (serum glucose, serum insulin, serum cortisol, total protein, serum albumin, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase) parameters. The mean values of induction time were decreased in the groups receiving a higher dose of dexmedetomidine (10µg/kg vs. 15µg/kg). The duration of anaesthesia in the present study was dependent on the responses of the animals to the tail clamp. All anaesthetic combinations tested in the study were able to provide adequate muscle relaxation. The pedal reflex and palpebral reflex were totally lost after administration of the induction agents in all the groups barring the palpebral reflex in group C. The recovery time, strernal recumbency time, standing time and complete recovery time were increased in the groups administered with higher dose of dexmedetomidine as compared to the groups receiving lower dose of dexmedetomidine. An increase in the dose of dexmedetomidine resulted in a decrease in the required dose rate of induction agents (etomidate, propofol and ketamine) and the MAC of sevoflurane. The rectal temperature, heart rate and respiration rate showed significant decrease at various time intervals and reached to the base level values by 24 hours post anaesthesia. The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures showed significant decrease in its values in the groups A and B but not in the group C, and returned to their base values by 3 hours post anaesthesia. In all the groups of animals the capillary refill time (CRT) and haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were always less than 2 seconds and more than 95% respectively. ECG changes observed in the animals of group A1 were increased P-R and Q-T interval and inverted T waves, in the animals of group A2 sinus arryhythmia, in the animals of group B1 biphasic and inverted T wave, in the group B2 bradyarrhythmia, in the animals of group C1 elevated T waves whereas in the animals of group C2 biphasic T waves were observed. The haemoglobin, TLC and TEC values of the animals in various groups showed significant decrease in its values whereas the ESR showed a non-significant increase. No significant changes were observed in differential leucocyte count and erythrocytic indices. Serum glucose level increased significantly along with decrease in serum insulin levels. Serum cortisol level showed a significant decrease in its values in group A and a significant increase in groups B and C. Decrease in total protein and albumin level along with slight increase in urea nitrogen, creatinine, ALT and AST levels was observed in all the groups of animals. Clinical efficacy of the anaesthetic combinations was determined by performing various surgical operations. On the basis of above mentioned parameters it was concluded that the anaesthetic combinations used in the study have least deleterious effects on the different body systems. The most efficacious anaesthetic combination was atropine sulphate (0.04mg/kg im)dexmedetomidine (15 µg/kg iv)-ketamine (5mg/kg iv)-sevoflurane (group C2) which caused a 30.28% reduction in MAC of sevoflurane. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810037598 | |
| dc.keywords | animal physiology, haematology, biochemistry, clinical aspects, etomidate, propofol, ketamine, anaesthesia, preanaesthetic medication, dogs | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.pages | 262 | en_US |
| dc.publisher | G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) | en_US |
| dc.research.problem | Dogs | en_US |
| dc.sub | Veterinary Surgery and Radiology | en_US |
| dc.subject | null | en_US |
| dc.theme | Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics | en_US |
| dc.these.type | Ph.D | en_US |
| dc.title | Studies on physiological, haematobiochemical and clinical effects of etomidate, propofol, ketamine and sevoflurane anaesthesia in dexmedetomidine premedicated dogs | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |