Studies on genetic diversity, combining ability and heterosis for yield and its component traits in Gossypium hirsutum L.
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present study comprising 66 Gossypium hirsutum L. cotton genotypes viz., 50 hybrids
along with their fifteen parents and one standard check hybrid (HHH 223) were raised in a randomized
block design with three replications during kharif 2016-17 at CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Cotton Research Station, Sirsa. Observations were recorded on ten characters viz., days to first flower
(earliness), plant height (cm), number of monopods per plant, number of sympods per plant, number of
bolls per plant, boll weight (g), seed cotton yield per plant (g), ginning out turn (%), seed index (g) and
lint index (g).
Economic heterosis was estimated over standard check HHH 223. Out of fifty, five hybrids
viz., H1226 x SR-38 (46.0%) followed by H1300 x Gregg 45 (43.2%), H1098i x PUSA 31 (39.5%),
H1300 x PUSA 31 (38.2%) and H1117 x LRA 5166 (30.9%) recorded more than 30 per cent economic
heterosis for seed cotton yield per plant and thus need special attention so as to exploit high heterotic
values for seed cotton yield in these hybrids.
Analysis of variances revealed that the magnitude of SCA variance was greater than GCA
variance for all the traits that specified pre-dominance of non-additive gene action. Among fifteen
parents; male parents Gregg 45, MESR-17 & SR-38 and female parent H1300 & H1098i were found to
be best general combiners for seed cotton yield and its component traits. The best specific
combinations were H1117 x LRA 5166, H1226 x SR-38, H1098i x PUSA 31 and H1300 x AVB SM-
277 recorded high heterosis for seed cotton yield and its component traits along with good SCA effects.
This was the combination of both good combining parents, one good & one poor combiner parent and
both poor combining parents. This indicated that both additive and non-additive gene action were
important for this character. Hence, these crosses may be used for future heterosis breeding
programme.
The result has discussed in the light of their usefulness in future breeding programs.Two
hundred and eleven alleles were amplified by using 44 SSR primers. Primer BNL1053 possess
maximum PIC value (0.881) specified that this primer show maximum contribution for diversity
analysis. Production of more than two SSR bands was a quite common phenomenon in the present
study. The reason for usual production of multiple bands was assigning as either presence of SSR
alleles with different molecular weight on A & D genome or on more than one linkage group. The
NTSYS-pc UPGMA tree cluster analysis revealed that fifteen parental genotypes were quite distinct.
At 0.73 similarity index fifteen cotton genotypes were clustered into five groups except two parents
which doesn’t fall in any group and separated as out group. The use of genotypes in hybridization from
these different groups is likely to produce heterotic combination in future breeding programme.
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