IDENTIFICATION AND STABILITY OF NEW SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) HYBRIDS FOR HIGH OLEIC ACID AND YIELD
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Date
2022-12-29
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to improve sunflower oil quality by altering the fatty acid composition, hence an investigation was carried out to find stable high oleic sunflower hybrids with high seed yield and oil content. The 40 high oleic testers identified from high oleic gene pool were crossed with six CMS lines (CMS 1103A, CMS 234A, CMS 903A, ARM 249A, CMS 59A and CMS 103A) in a Line x Tester mating design during kharif 2019 to produce 240 experimental hybrids. The resultant experimental hybrids thus obtained were evaluated during rabi 2019 to identify the fertility restoration and sterility maintenance behaviour. Out of the 40 high oleic testers evaluated, 28 testers were identified as common restorers while six testers were identified as common maintainers across six CMS lines. The resultant 168 fertile hybrids (6 lines x 28 testers) were evaluated during summer 2020 in alpha lattice design to assess the combining ability and heterosis for high oleic and high yield. Out of 168 hybrids, 30 promising hybrids exhibiting high oleic acid, high seed yield and oil content were identified based on Smith-Hazel selection indices. The hybrid, ARM 249A×F-20 exhibited highest selection index value of 68.15, this cross combination possessed ultra-high oleic acid content of 91.97 percent. The 30 promising high oleic hybrids along with four check hybrids were evaluated to assess the stability in three diverse locations across Karnataka during rabi/summer 2020-21 (December to March) and rabi 2021(September to December) seasons. Among the 30 high oleic hybrids evaluated, one cross combination, CMS 903A×K-11 exhibited stable expression of high oleic acid content (73.5%), along with stable high yield and oil content over both the seasons and three locations. The identification of this hybrid combination served the purpose of this study to derive the most stable high oleic hybrid with high yield.