Studies on iron and zinc biofortification in direct seeded and transplanted rice in different soils
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Date
2023-01
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The present study was conducted at research farm and screen house, College of Agriculture, Kaul entitled “Studies on iron and zinc biofortification in direct seeded and transplanted rice in different soils”. It was aimed to study the effect of Fe and Zn applications on yield and yield attributes, nutrient content and uptake and fractions of micronutrients (Fe and Zn) in soils of transplanted and direct rice. In pot experiment two kinds of soils sufficient and deficient in micronutrients were used. Different levels of Fe (0, 25 and 50 mg kg-1 + three foliar applications @ 0.5% FeSO4) and Zn (0, 5 and 10 mg kg-1 + three foliar applications @ 0.5% ZnSO4) were sprayed. In field trials different Fe (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-1 FeSO4 + three foliar applications @ 0.5% FeSO4) and Zn (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 + three foliar applications @ 0.5% FeSO4) doses were used. In pot experiment with the application of Fe and Zn grain and straw yield increased significantly over control. Macronutrient N and K content also increased significantly over control. Maximum increase in N and K content was observed in treatment T3. In field trials with Fe application grain and straw yield, N and K concentration increased significantly over control. Maximum increase was observed in treatment T4 (75 kg ha-1 FeSO4 along with three foliar applications @ 0.5% FeSO4) over control. The percentage increase in average grain yield of transplanted and direct seeded rice was 25.79% and 27.57% in treatment T4 over control, respectively. With the application of Zn, grain and straw yield, content of N and K increased significantly over control up to treatment T3 (20 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 along with three foliar applications @ 0.5% ZnSO4) after that in treatment T4 (30 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 along with three foliar applications @ 0.5% ZnSO4) it decreased, however this decrease was found non-significant. Increase in average grain yield of transplanted and direct seeded rice was observed 17.28% and 23.49% in treatment T3 over control, respectively. Whereas, both in pot and field experiments, P content decreased significantly over control with increased applications of Fe and Zn. Harvest index and transfer coefficient of Fe and Zn increased numerically with increased applications of micronutrients (Fe and Zn). Transfer coefficient of micronutrient deficient soils was found higher as compared to soils sufficient in micronutrients. Grain protein content also increased significantly over control with Fe and Zn applications both in pot and field experiments. Different fractions of Fe and Zn increased significantly over control with various concentrations of these micronutrients in both pot and field soils. The order of preponderance of different Fe fractions was Carb-Fe < OM-Fe < EX-Fe < Fe MnOX-Fe < Res-Fe. In case of Zn the order of preponderance was EX-Zn < Carb-Zn < OM-Zn < Fe MnOX-Zn < Res-Zn.