Genetics of morpho-phenological characters and seed yield in fieldpea (Pisum sativum L.)
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Date
2020-08
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) obtained from two crosses (GP 02/1108 x HFP 920 and GP 02/1108 x HFP 9907B) involving three genetically diverse dwarf, medium and tall parents were studied to find out the inheritance of seed yield and morpho-phenological characters in fieldpea. Generation means exhibited presence of sufficient variability for almost all the traits. Individual Scaling tests and Joint Scaling test failed to explain the additive-dominance model for all the characters except number of primary branches revealing presence of epistatic interactions. All the three types of epistasis were observed through six parameter model. It also revealed presence of fixable component, though lesser than non fixable component, for majority of characters. High heritability with high genetic advance was observed for inter-nodal distance, height of first reproductive node, plant height, number of seeds per pod and biological yield per plant in both the crosses. Seed yield per plant exhibited positive correlation with number of primary branches, number of nodes, 100-seed weight, number of pods and harvest index and negative with days to flowering, inter-nodal distance, height of first reproductive node and plant height. The plant height was observed to have significant positive association with days to flowering, inter-nodal distance, height of first reproductive node, number of seeds and biological yield and negative association with number of secondary branches, number of nodes, number of pods and seed yield. Positive direct effect on seed yield was observed to be highest of number of pods followed by number of nodes, 100-seed weight, number of primary branches and harvest index whereas negative was observed highest of plant height followed by height of first reproductive node, inter-nodal distance and days to flowering. 100-seed weight, number of pods and primary branches exhibited high indirect effect on seed yield through various traits. Hybridization involving dwarf parent resulted into reduction in plant height, internodal distance and biological yield and increased number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and number of pods per plant. Sufficient fixable component for the traits envisaged practicing pedigree method. However, to exploit additive as well as non-additive gene effects simultaneously breeding methods like selection from delayed generations and bi-parental mating approach are advocated.