Long-term effects of organic manures and fertilizers application on soil phosphorus dynamics and wheat yield
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Date
2022-11
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
An on-going long-term field experiment started since 1995 (Rabi) under pearl millet-wheat cropping system at research farm of department of Soil Science, CCS HAU was selected to study the effects of various combinations of organic manures and fertilizers on phosphorus dynamics and wheat yield. The plant and soil samples were collected after 24 cycles of pearl millet-wheat cropping system after the harvest of wheat crop. Irrespective of the treatments, soil EC, SOC, N, P and K. were higher in surface soils as compared to lower depth soils. Continuous addition of organic manures alone or in combination with chemical fertilizers for 24 years decreased the soil pH as compared to initial value. A significantly increase in SOC, available N, P and K content was observed with integrated nutrient management practices as compared to organic manures or chemical fertilizers applied alone. The highest SOC content (1.18 and 0.70 in 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively) was observed in plot receiving FYM along with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer. Application of organic manures alone or in combination with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer resulted in decrease in N as compared to initial status of N at the start of experiment. The amount of P adsorption by different treatments followed the order N150P60 > poultry manure5 > pressmud7.5 > FYM15 >Poultry manure5N150P30 > Pressmud7.5N150P30 > FYM15N150P30. The trend of adsorption suggests that the use of organic manures along with fertilizer reduces P adsorption. The soil that adsorbed a large amount of applied P during adsorption study, tended to desorbs a lower amount of adsorbed P in desorption study and vise-versa. A rise in P was observed up to 30th day of incubation and then a decrease was noticed. Combined application of organic manures along with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer i.e. FYM15N150P30 and Pressmud7.5N150P30 recorded 18 and 21%, respectively higher grain yield as compared to recommended dose of NP fertilizers. The higher N, P and K content in wheat grain and straw was observed with the conjunctive use of organic manures along with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer. The integrated use of organic manures and fertilizers resulted in higher productivity, improved soil health.