Genetic Analysis of Shoot Fly Resistance and Yield Related Traits in Mas Derived Lines and Their Hybrids in Sorghum
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Date
2012
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Publisher
UAS, Dharwad
Abstract
Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop. Sorghum hybrids have contributed
significantly to increased grain and forage yield in several countries. Among sorghum pests,
shoot fly (Atherigona soccata Rondani), a seedling pest is the most important yield
constraint in India. Susceptibility of hybrid parents to shoot fly hinder the maximum
exploitation of heterosis. Therefore, present investigation was carried out to study heterosis
and combining ability using hybrid parents (B & R lines) improved for shoot fly resistance
and its component traits through Marker Assisted Breeding. A total of 36 hybrids derived by
using 12 parental lines (A, B and R) in a Line x Tester (6 x 6) mating design were evaluated
for shoot fly resistance and its component traits, and yield and yield components. The B lines
used were derivatives of 20B and R lines were derivatives of R 354 introgressed with shoot
fly resistance QTLs.
Among the parents, two B line derivatives MAS 1071-1, MAS 1062-1, and two R line
derivatives RSF0833 and RSF0815 were showed high level of resistance in terms of reduced
deadhearts damage compared to susceptible parents 401B and R 354. The evaluation of the
hybrids for per se performance, heterosis and combining ability identified nine promising
crosses based on significant heterosis and sca estimates for at least one shoot fly resistance
component and grain yield and yield related traits. Three crosses viz., MAS 1076-1 x RSF
0815, 104A x RSF 0810 and 401A x RSF 0815 were recorded significant heterosis and sca
effect for grain yield were showing significant heterosis for major components of shoot fly
resistance, leaf glossiness and trichome density. Three MAS derived B lines (MAS 1071-1,
MAS 1077-1 and MAS 1062-1) and 104B were found to be good combiners for shoot fly
resistance in terms of reduced deadhearts damage, and majority of shoot fly resistance
component traits. Among R lines, three lines (RSF 0810, RSF 0811and RSF 0833) were
found to be good combiners for shoot fly resistance in terms of reduced deadhearts (%) and
oviposition (%). With respect to shoot fly resistance component traits, the parent RSF 0833
recorded significant favorable gca effect for all the component traits studied, RSF 0810 and
RSF 0820 for all the components except trichome density, and RSF 0811 and RSF 0815 for
trichome density only. The heterotic crosses based on 104A were 104A x RSF0810, 104A x
RSF0811 and 104A x RSF0820, which were found better than CSH 19R (104A x R354). One
heterotic cross based on 401A (401A x RSF 0815) was found promising.