Mutagenesis, Screening and Evaluation for Biotic (JASSID, Bacterial Leaf Blight) and Abiotic (Drought) Stresses in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
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Date
2011
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UAS, Dharwad
Abstract
The genotype Sahana (G. hirsutum) was irradiated at various doses of gamma
ray, EMS and its combination aiming at improvement of quantitative and qualitative
traits in cotton with special reference to improvement upon drought tolerance, jassid
tolerance and bacterial leaf blight resistance in an experiment conducted at MARS,
UAS, Dharwad during summer 2009-10 and 2010-11.
A vast amount of variability was generated for 12 quantitative as well as
qualitative characters under study. Mutagenic effectiveness of various doses of
mutagens could be revealed by the expression morphological mutants in M1 and M2
generation of Sahana. In the protected condition 34 mutants were identified to be
drought tolerant (T-1-13, T-9-60. T-12-11, T-10-22) with high relative water content
and low leaf temperature, whereas in unprotected condition 17 showed drought
tolerance. For jassid tolerance, 36 mutants (T-4-25, T-8-4, T-12-5, T-8-63) were
identified and 22 bacterial leaf blight resistant mutants (T-3-14, T-7-7) also could be
isolated. Thirteen mutants showed drought tolerance and jassid resistance, whereas 11
mutants were identified with drought tolerance and bacterial leaf blight resistance.
With respect to bacterial leaf blight resistance and jassid tolerance together, 12
mutants were found tolerant to both. Eight mutants were identified as tolerant to
drought and jassid infestation along with resistance to bacterial leaf blight (T-1-3, T-
1-16, T-2-19). Considering the high yielding mutants possessing resistance to biotic
and abiotic stresses, 22 mutants were identified to be high yielding and drought
tolerant whereas 14 and 5 high yielding mutants were respectively jassid tolerant and
bacterial leaf blight resistant. A few mutants identified were found to possess larger
boll size and high ginning outturn, high fibre strength and micronaire values
compared to control. Thus a large number of useful mutants for different characters
which were isolated can be evaluated and further used as genetic stocks in future
breeding programme.
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Keywords
Genetics and Plant Breeding