Analysis of dye decolourization efficiency of a Bacillus Spp.
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Date
2021-01
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Dyes released from various industries show negative effect on ecology and human health (immune suppressions, acute poisoning, allergy and reproductive failure). Biodegradation of synthetic dyes (Toluidine blue, Methylene blue, Bromocresol green, Congo red and Rose Bengal) by using bacteria is a rapid, cost effective and ecofriendly approach. Present study was performed under laboratory conditions by using four bacterial isolates which were screened qualitatively for their in- vitro dye decolourization potential. SG2D identified as Bacillus cereus was selected for quantification of dye decolorization potential in minimal salt medium supplemented with different concentrations of dyes (5,10, 15 and 20 ppm) using free and immobilized culture. Maximum dye removal efficiency was obtained as 94.92, 25.56, 91.18, 47.58 and 23.63% for Methylene blue, Bromocresol green, Toluidine blue, Congo red and Rose Bengal respectively in the presence of free bacterial culture of SG2D. However, removal
efficiency by immobilized SG2D was 94.92, 17.74, 93.62, 57.88 and 59. 78 % for Methylene blue, Bromocresol green, Toluidine blue, Congo red and Rose Bengal respectively. The optimum concentration of Methylene blue, Bromocresol green, Toluidine blue, Congo red and Rose Bengal removal was found to be 15, 10, 5, 20 and 15 ppm by free SG2D and 15, 20, 20, 20 and 10ppm by immobilized SG2D of respective dyes. Immobilized SG2D showed rapid decolourization as compared to free SG2D. The extent of decolorization and biodegradation of each dye was monitored using UV-Visible and FT-IR spectroscopy. Appearance and disappearance of peaks in the treated dye samples and stretching of bonds at various wave numbers as compared to control were correlated with the dye decolourization efficiency of the bacterial isolates.