Studies on variability, correlation and genetic divergence for grain yield and its components in F3 population of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Loading...
Date
2016
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigation entitled “Studies on variability, correlation and genetic divergence for grain yield and its components in F3 population of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was conducted to estimate genetic variability, character association, path analysis and genetic divergence.
Present investigation was carried out at instructional farm, college of Agriculture Rewa, under the All India Coordinated Research Project on Barley and Wheat, during Rabi season of 2014-15. The observations were recorded on days to
50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers per plant, spike length, spike harvest index, number of grains per spike, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant on ten randomly selected plants from each plot. The important findings are given as below.
Analysis of variance revealed that mean sum of square (MSS) were highly significant for all the characters. Out of 19 crosses the cross HD2864x GW273 was recorded highest grain yield/plant while, from parents GW366 was recorded highest grain yield per plant. The earliest days to 50% flowering were recorded for genotype WH147 x JW3269 and an earliest day to maturing was recorded by HD2864x DL788-2. Highest tillering ability, largest spike length, maximum number of grains, maximum 1000 grain weight, highest biological yield per plant, maximum spike harvest index and maximum harvest index was recorded for the cross HD2864x GW273.
Highest estimates of PCV and GCV were observed for biological yield per plant and grain yield per plant. High estimates of heritability was observed for characters like days to maturity, grains per spike, spike harvest index, 1000 grain weight, biological yield per plant and grain yield per plant.
In the present study, a very strong positive association of grain yield per plant
was observed with 1000 grain weight, tillers per plant, biological yield per plant, grains per spike, spike length, and harvest index. Out of eleven, eight characters had positive and direct effect on grain yield per plant viz., biological yield per plant, harvest index, tillers per plant, spike harvest index, grains per spike, days to 50% flowering and spike length.
In wheat, populations were grouped into 6 clusters. Among six clusters, cluster I was biggest with 9 genotypes followed by cluster V with 6 genotypes, cluster VI contains 5 genotypes, cluster IV and cluster II contains 4 genotypes. The remaining cluster III containing 2 genotype.
Maximum differences among the wheat populations, within the same cluster
(intra cluster) were shown by cluster VI followed by cluster V, cluster I, cluster II, cluster IV and cluster III. Cluster III and VI showed maximum inter cluster distance. Early days to 50% flowering was observed in cluster IV and with regard to days to maturity, cluster I had early maturing type. Cluster III had showed shortest plant height. In case of tillers per plant, cluster means ranged from cluster III to cluster I was observed. Out of six, five principal components exhibited more than one eigen value and showed about 79.17% variability among the traits studied for each genotypes. So, these five principal components were given due importance for the further explanation. Based on cluster analysis, the wheat genotypes were separated into six major groups. The maximum numbers of eight genotypes were in cluster II and cluster III, five genotypes in cluster IV, four genotypes in cluster VI whereas, three and two genotypes in clusters I and cluster V, respectively.
Contribution of each character towards genetic divergence has been estimated from the number of times that each character appeared in the first rank. It has been observed that grain yield per plant was highest contributor towards divergence followed by harvest index, days to maturity and grains/spike.
Description
Keywords
null