GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
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Date
2003
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ACHARYA N.G. AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRA NAGAR, HYDERABAD - 500 03 0
Abstract
In the present investigation 44 sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
genotypes were evaluated to study genetic divergence, character association
and path coefficient analysis. The experiment was laid out at College Farm,
College of Agriculture, Hyderabad during rabi 2002-03. Data were recorded
on fourteen characters including three physiological parameters The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the
genotypes for all the characters studied. Based on Mahalanobis D2 analysis
the 44 genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. The pattern of distribution
of genotypes into various clusters revealed that there was no relationship
between geographical distribution and genetic diversity. Greater genetic
divergence found between cluster VI and VIII, suggested exploitation of
these two clusters by intermating the genotypes in a definite breeding design
to explore the fullest range of heterosis and to realize good recombinant lines. The genotypes IB-5, 1258-1-1-9 (cluster I), GP 1011 (cluster III),
1202-5-1-3 (cluster IV), Acc No. 153 (cluster V) could be considered for
recombination breeding in order to get desirable segregants with higher yield
potential. The character association studies indicated that seed yield was
positively correlated with head diameter, number of filled seed per head,
total dry matter per plant, leaf area index, seed filling percentage, 100-seed
weight, harvest index, plant height and number of leaves per plant.
However, oil content exhibited significant negative association with seed
yield per plant.
Path coefficient analysis revealed that the characters; filled seeds per
head, 100-seed weight, total dry matter per plant, leaf area index, harvest
index, number of leaves per plant and days to maturity had positive direct
effect on seed yield per plant, while, days to 50 per cent flowering, head
diameter, seed filling percentage, oil content and plant height showed
negative direct effects. The results of the study suggested that the characters viz., filled seeds
per head, 100-seed weight, total dry matter per plant, leaf area index could
be given emphasis for isolation of desirable genotypes, with high genetic
potential for seed yield coupled with high physiological efficiency.
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GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN SUNFLOWER