Exploring the natural diversity in Elakki Bale (Musa AB) for identification of early, DWARF and panama wilt resistant types, their evaluation for traits of economic importance, and mass multiplication
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Date
2013-12-26
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
Abstract
The indigenous banana variety, Elakki Bale, has attained commercial proportions
in recent past owing to its superior quality attributes and better price realization to the
growers. For facilitating large scale area expansion of this elite type, the present
investigation was carried out to identify near-ideotypic lines of short duration, dwarf
stature and resistant to Panama wilt disease. Also, the possibility of mass multiplying the
variety through micropropagation and macropropagation was explored for meeting the
growing needs, and expansion of this variety in non-traditional belts.
Extensive survey was carried out in 98 villages spread across 28 taluks of 10
districts of Karnataka, and 69 apparently promising accessions were identified. However,
severe incidence of rhizome rot during nursery maintenance resulted in complete loss of
suckers belonging to varied accessions. Morphometric evaluation of the remaining 37
accessions revealed considerable diversity in terms of growth, reproductive phenology
related parameters, yield and postharvest quality attributes. Considerably large numbers
of accessions evaluated for their reaction to Fusarium wilt through in vitro screening
were found to be resistant to the disease. Based on overall performance, five most
promising lines (EB 23, EB 38, EB 48, EB 49 and EB 58) were shortlisted for future
studies.
For micropropagation, shoot tip explants obtained from small sized suckers,
surface sterilization with NaOCl (0.5%) and HgCl2 (0.1%) and inoculated onto the
medium supplemented with Rifampicin (200 mg/l) gave maximum aseptic cultures.
Sucrose (3%) was found to promote maximum shoot multiplication, while glucose (2%)
was better carbon source for ex vitro rooting and hardening. Amongst different growth
regulators, TDZ was found to be the most potent cytokinin, whereas in vitro rooting was
promoted in the presence of IBA (1.0 mg/l). Preliminary studies on macropropagation
revealed better multiplication in untreated suckers, while use of BAP promoted the
growth of emerged plantlets.
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Keywords
bananas, planting, fruits, developmental stages, vegetative propagation, diseases, biological phenomena, biological development, byproducts, concentrates