STUDIES ON FLOWER VISITORS AND THEIR FORAGING ACTIVITY ON SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) AND NIGER (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.)
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Date
2017-08-11
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Abundance and diversity of pollinators was recorded in sunflower – niger
cropping systems. Eleven and thirteen species of pollinators were observed in sunflower
and niger respectively. The diversity of pollinators was similar both in sunflower and
niger (0.22 each). In intercropping system at different ratio of sunflower and niger,
diversity was maximum in 8:4 ( 0.22 ) and 5:5 (0.22). In sunflower the major pollinators
were Apis dorsata (38.09%) followed by A.cerana (29.52%) and A.florea (21.58% ). In
niger A.dorsata, A.cerana and A.florea constituted about 27.23%, 22.15% and 41.46%
respectively. In intercropping system A. dorsata (60.72 bees) was more in 5:5 ratio on
sunflower and A.florea (58.34 bees) in 6:4 on niger. Maximum activity of A. dorsata
(6.63 and 6.67 bees) was observed at 9.00AM; A. cerana (6 and 5.33 bees) at 10.00AM
and A. florea (3.00 and 9.33 bees) at 11.00AM in sunflower and niger respectively.
Number of marked bees recaptured after releasing were more in niger (4.6 bees)
compared to sunflower (3.7 bees). Intercrop movement of bees was more from sunflower
to niger (0.5 bees) as compared to movement from niger to sunflower (0.3 bees). The
number of filled seeds (1195), total number of seeds (1354), test weight (4.39g), volume
weight (59.75g), kernel weight (4.54g), germination percent (100%), oil content
(42.11%) was more in 6:4 ratio on sunflower. Number of filled seeds (21.66), total
number of seeds (26.20) and volume weight (32.38g) more in 6:4 in niger.
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