COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF NANO-FUNGICIDES AND FUNGICIDES FOR MANAGEMENT OF LATE BLIGHT OF POTATO CAUSED BY Phytophtora infestans (Mont) de Bary
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Date
2024-03-21
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Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops across the world and in India. It is the fourth major important food crop after Wheat, Rice and Maize due to its higher yield potential and high nutritive value. Late blight disease is an important disease of potato worldwide and can cause significant reduction in the economic value of potato, resulting in 80-100 % yield loss.
The management of the disease can be done through conventional methods viz., biological, chemical and cultivation of resistant variety. Therefore, inquest for management of Late blight by certain nanofungicides like Agritec nanofungicide, Silver nanofungicide, Selenium nanofungicide and Nickel nanofungicide and fungicide viz. Matco, Mataxaly, Mancozeb and propoconazol were used during the course of present investigation and their morphoological and biochemical changes in potato plant were ascertained. Nanofungicide and fungicide were assessed under in vitro condition, on inhibition of growth and development of pathogen. The maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of P. infestans was recorded with suitable concentration from Matco fungicide @ 0.2% treatment representing 80.25 % reduction in growth over control.
Tuber treatment with nanofunficides and fungicides provides good protection against seed and soil borne infection. Resulted increase seed germination 96.60% and 95.25%, plant height (28.20 and 32.70 cm), number of leaves (52.45 and 55.14), number of shoots (6.30 and 7.10)fresh weight of shoot (23.18 and 25.28g) and dry weight of shoot (4.95 and 5.27g) was recorded in T1 (Tuber treatment with Matco + three foliar spray with Matco @ 0.2%), against control during 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively. The use of nanofungicide and fungicide as seed treatment and foliar spray revealed that all the treatment was more or less effective and exhibited reduction in disease and significantly increase the yield as compare to control. Minimum disease severity as (14.92 and 15.40%) per cent decreased over control (77.58 and 81.76%) during 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively.
As per concern of yield and yield perameters the maximum yield was obtained in T1 (Tuber treatment with Matco + three foliar spray with Matco @ 0.2%) treatment weighing 16.95 kg and 16.98 kg per plot against 10.70 kg and 181.09 kg in case of control during 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively. The treatment with nanofungicides and fungicides prior to challenge inoculation sensitized the plants to produce increased levels of soluble protein. The maximum increase of soluble protein, total phenol and activity of defense related enzymes like poly phenoloxidase was found in Tuber treatment with Matco + three foliar spray with Matco @ 0.2% treated leaves 35.60, 3.48 and 1.99 mg/g, respectively in 2021-22 and 35.26, 3.55 and 1.83 mg/g in 2022-23 followed by treatment T8 (Tuber treatment with Silver + three foliar spray with Silver @ 100 ppm,) treated leaves representing the value of 34.76, 3.38 and 1.87 mg/g 2021-22 and 33.27, 3.42 and 1.78 mg/g in 2022-23 at 8 days of pathogen inoculation.