MORPHO-MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND HYBRIDIZATION AMONG DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF POMEGRANATE (Punica granatum L.)
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Date
2019-10-25
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The present investigation entitled, “Morpho-molecular characterization and hybridization among different cultivars of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)” was carried out at Regional Horticulture Research and Training Station Bajaura, Kullu (HP) during 2017 to 2019.A significant and wide range of variation was observed among genotypes for various quantitative characters. In variability study, total aril weight had maximum phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) followed by pollen viability (%). High heritability (>60%) was recorded for all the characters. High genetic advance coupled with high genetic gain was recorded in total aril weight, pollen viability, septum thickness, fruit weight, rind thickness, crown length and leaf blade width. Jodhpur Red recorded maximum calyx length, calyx ratio (l/w), petal length, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, aril width, seed width and medium soft seeded. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients showed that fruit weight had positive and significant association with calyx length, fruit width, crown length, aril length and septum thickness. The fruit weight had negative and significant association with leaf blade width. The path coefficient analysis has shown that the fruit weight had maximum positive direct effect on fruit width followed by total aril weight. The maximum negative direct effect of pollen viability followed by aril length was observed on fruit weight. Genetic diversity among the pomegranate cultivars was estimated by 41 RAPD markers. Only 8 primers out of total of forty one primers yielded scorable bands. A total of 41 bands were amplified in all the eight cultivars and 80.49% polymorphism was obtained. This showed the high level of polymorphism present in eight pomegranate cultivars under study.The similarity coefficient value ranged from 0.000 to 0.536. Dendrogram divides all the cultivars in one cluster and Chawla was separated as a singlet. Further, two subclusters were formed and comprises of three cultivars in each of them. In hybridization study of pomegranate genotypes, the highest fruit set percent in sixteen crosses was observed in cross Mridula × P-26 (77.80%) followed by cross Bhagwa × P-26 (66.70%) and G-137 × Chawla (36.10%). No fruit set was observed in crosses Bhagwa × Nabha and Bhagwa × Chawla.
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