GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDIES USING EST-SSRs AMONG CULTIVARS OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
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Date
2013
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Publisher
AAU, Anand
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L) is one of the most important cereals of the
world and provides more human food than any other cereal. Maize is
grown across all the states in India and in many states; it is one of the
important staple foods. Genetic diversity of maize plays a key role in
maize breeding. Knowledge of the amount and the distribution of genetic
variation within and among maize landraces will provide a guide for
predicting the degree of inheritance, variation, and level of heterosis that
are essential for maize breeding. In the present study, 28 Maize genotypes
were analyzed by 12 EST-derived SSR markers dispersed on 5 of the 10
chromosomes to check genetic diversity among them. The analysis was
carried out as per the standard protocol. Twelve primer pairs derived from
maize genome produced a total of 76 alleles with an average of 5.91
alleles per primer pair. The dendrogram generated on the principle of
Unweighted Pair Wise Method Using Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) was
constructed and the genotypes were grouped in to clusters. All the entries
of CML series and CM lines clustered into their respective groups. In subcluster
A1, GWH-9902 grouped with GWL-1. This is due to the fact that
GWH-9902 is one of the parents of GWL-1. The clustering pattern of the
A1 sub-cluster revealed that accessions namely GYC-9006 and GYH-9842
clustered along with GWL series accessions. This may be due to accidental
mixture of seeds. Also the genotype, Amber grouped separately in this
cluster A indicating its aversion from the other lines. Madhuri clustered
separately in the second cluster which suggested it is highly diverse from
this group of maize lines. The study revealed that EST-derived SSR
markers can be efficiently utilized for bringing out the latent diversity
existing in maize germplasm belonging to different geographical and agroclimatic
regions. Diversity also was observed for maize endosperm
colorations which were obscured in some cases, due to admixtures.
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Keywords
agriculture, biotechnology, study