EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING AND SUPPLEMENTAL IRON NUTRITION ON GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETERS OF DRY DIRECT SOWN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2018
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
Laboratory, pot culture and field experiments were conducted to know the “effect of seed priming and supplemental iron nutrition on growth and yield parameters of dry direct sown rice” during kharif and rabi, 2017-2018 at department of Crop physiology and wet land farm, S.V. Agricultural college, Tirupati. Laboratory experiment was conducted in a completely randomised design replicated thrice with eight treatments and six varieties. The genotype MTU 1010 and the treatments T6 (GA3 @ 500 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%) and T7 (GA3 @ 1000 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%) recorded significantly high germination percentage, seedling length and seedling vigor index. Among treatments T5 (GA3 @ 200 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%) (1.93) recorded significantly high reducing sugars. MTU 1075 and MTU 1112 (50.1 and 49.2) recorded significantly higher and at par values of starch and significantly lowest and at par α-amylase. Whereas JGL 20171 (2.2) and MTU 1010 (2.1) recorded highest and at par α-amylase. A significant positive correlation (R2= 0.7743, 0.7102 and 0.8771) between α-amylase content and seedling vigour index was observed at 2, 4 and 6 DAT. Among treatments T6 (GA3 @ 500 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%) (2.0) recorded significantly highest α-amylase content.
The pot culture experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. There were four varieties (MTU 1010, JGL 20171, NLR 33671 and MTU 1112) and five treatments (control, GA3 @ 1000 ppm, GA3 @ 200 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%, GA3 @ 500 ppm + KNO3 @ 3% and GA3 @ 1000 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%). Among varieties MTU 1010 recorded significantly highest plant height (cm) (17.34, 33.38, 45.61, 55.34, 62.51 and 71.64), number of leaves (5.34, 10.94, 30.76, 43.85, 53.62, 66.35), leaf area (cm2) (14.29, 30.49, 177.77, 343.54, 501.14 and 802.78), total dry matter (g) (0.98, 2.06, 4.96, 1032, 15.74 and 24.3) at
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all the crop growth stages. The performance of JGL 20171 and NLR 3367 genotypes was next to MTU 1010 in these parameters, whereas MTU 1112 recorded significantly lowest values. Among treatments T4 (GA3 @ 500 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%) procured better results.
MTU 1010 and seed priming treatment T4 (GA3 @ 500 ppm + KNO3 @ 3%) was chosen for field experiment. Along with priming, supplemental iron nutrition was also provided to the crop in different forms and at different times. The field experiment was conducted in a randomised block design with three replications. There were eleven treatments viz., T1 (control), T2(seed priming) T3 (seed priming + FeSO4 @ 2% at 30 DAS), T4 (seed priming + FeSO4 @ 2% at 30 and 60 DAS), T5 (seed priming + FeSO4 @ 2% at 30, 60 and 75 DAS),T6 (seed priming + Fe-EDTA @ 0.5% at 30 DAS), T7(seed priming + Fe-EDTA @ 0.5% at 30 and 60 DAS), T8 (seed priming + Fe-EDTA @ 0.5% at 30 ,60 and 75 DAS), T9 (seed priming +pseudomonas fluorescens + FeSO4 @ 2% at 30 DAS), T10 (seed priming + pseudomonas fluorescens + Fe-EDTA @ 0.5% at 30 DAS), T11 (need based spray of FeSO4).
Initial advantage of seed priming with GA3 @ 500 ppm + KNO3 @ 3% was observed in plant height (13.01 and 18.67), number of leaves (6.17 and 8.18), leaf area (16.46 and 27.67),total dry matter accumulation (0.94 and 1.78), tiller number (1.8), LAI (0.04), LAD (0.90) and CGR (1.51). However by 45 DAS the influence of iron nutrition was more profound.
In general, starting from 75 DAS the treatments T4 (Seed priming + FeSO4 @ 2% at 30 and 60 DAS), T8 (Seed priming + Fe-EDTA @ 0.5% at 30, 60 and 75 DAS), T5 (Seed priming + FeSO4 @ 2% at 30, 60 and 75 DAS) and T7 (Seed priming + Fe-EDTA @ 0.5% at 30 and 60 DAS) were observed to perform better with respect to many morphological and growth parameters. Supplemental iron was provided more than once in these treatments.
This was observed in plant height at 90 DAS (90.57, 87.53, 84.77 and 81.57), Leaf area at 90 DAS (1186.80, 1274.8, 1250.8 and 1145.8),days to 50% flowering (96 to 116), LAD at 75-90 DAS (46.75, 48.26, 44.27 and 41.83), CGR at 75-90 DAS (32.22, 29.43), number of productive tillers (11.0, 13.0, 12.0 and 12.0), number of filled grains (208.2, 202.47, 201.4, 200.67 and 195.13), 1000 grain weight (22.5, 20.35,19.56 and 19.51), straw yield (608, 602, 595 and 587) and grain yield (437, 430, 397 and 393).
A low harvest index was reported from the present study ranged from 0.35 to 0.42.
SCMR values, active iron content and total iron content was recorded at different crop growth stages. Grain iron content was estimated with Prussian blue staining. A positive correlation of SCMR values with the active iron content (R2= 0.5341) was observed at 90 DAS. Active iron content was observed to be increased with progressive iron concentration.
The effect of pseudomonas fluorescens on growth and development of the crop was observed neither at 45 DAS nor at any other growth stage.
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D5702
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