Studies on genetic diversity among indigenous landraces of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) of North Eastern India through morphological traits and seed protein profiling
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Date
2017-07-25
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College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat
Abstract
Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied. High PCV and GCV, heritability and genetic gain were observed for average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per fruit and 100 seed weight. Correlation studies indicated that fruit yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and number of seeds per fruit which indicated the importance of these traits in selection for yield. Path analysis revealed that maximum positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant was imposed by average fruit weight followed by number of fruits per plant, node bearing first pistillate flower, days to first pistillate flower anthesis, 100 seed weight and total soluble solids at genotypic level. This indicated that these are the real independent characters and have maximum contribution towards increase in fruit yield per plant.
Divergence study revealed average fruit weight contributed maximum per cent to the diversity followed by 100 seed weight, number of branches per plant, fruit yield per plant, fruit diameter and days to first harvest. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VI which indicated that the genotypes within these clusters were highly divergent.
SDS-PAGE analysis showed considerable variation in band number of protein which ranged from 12-30. Protein banding profile showed that the genotype CHFC-4 was most distantly related to CHFC-26. Hence, it was recommended that these two genotypes could be utilized for crossing programme to create more genetic diversity. SDS-PAGE marker data provided more sub groupings and revealed higher amount of diversity as compared to morphological data in present study.
Description
The present investigation was conducted during February-July 2016 at Vegetable Research Farm, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh in 30 diverse genotypes of cucumber including 2 check cultivars viz., CHFC-1 (Swarna Sheetal) and CHFC-30 (Swarna Ageti). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Genetic diversity was studied for seventeen quantitative traits viz., number of branches per plant, days to first pistillate flower anthesis, days to first staminate flower anthesis, node bearing first pistillate flower, node bearing first staminate flower, number of pistillate flowers, number of staminate flowers, days to first fruit set, days to first harvest, number of fruits per plant, length of fruit, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, number of seeds per fruit, 100 seed weight, fruit yield per plant and total soluble solids. Data were analyzed statistically for phenotypic and genotypic variance, coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance, genetic gain, correlation coefficient, path coefficient, genetic divergence and seed protein banding pattern.
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