STUDIES ON PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT IN DOGS
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Date
2017-11
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
The present study was undertaken to study the incidence of periodontal
disease to carry out investigation on PD in dogs and to assess the therapeutic
efficacy in stages 1 and 2 of periodontal diseases. The overall incidence was 86.67
percent. Breed wise incidence showed highest incidence of occurrence in boxer,
irish setter, Chihuahua and shih tzu followed by Mongrel. Age wise incidence was
highest in age group of 9 years and above with no sex predisposition. Small sized
dogs and dogs fed with soft diets had higher incidence of periodontal diseases.
Clinical signs in periodontal disease included plaque formation, gingivitis, halitosis,
drooling of saliva, pawing the mouth, calculus deposition, gingival recession, gums
that bleed when probed, discomfort on eating, tooth mobility, purulent exudates and
ulceration of the gingival mucosa. Orastrip was quick check examination tool for
assessing the oral health status and in the assessment of active periodontal disease.
Staging of PD was done based on the periodontal indices namely attachment loss
and furcation. Radiographic examination in periodontal disease revealed widening
of periodontal ligament space, alveolar bone destruction in dogs affected with stage
3 and 4. Transillumination showed mild to severe form of gingivitis suggesting
active periodontitis and can be taken as initial room examination procedure in dogs
affected with PD. Haematology showed neutrophilic leukocytosis. Serum
biochemical findings did not show any statistically significant in the mean levels of
ALT, AST, ALP, total protein, albumin, glucose, BUN creatinine and CK-MB in
dogs with periodontal disease. Therapeutic protocol adopted in periodontal disease
included scaling, polishing followed by administration of chews or brushing in stage
1 dogs affected with periodontal disease while in stage 2 the protocol included
scaling, polishing and instillation of doxycycline gel in the areas of attachment loss
and furcation followed by administration of chews or brushing. Brushing daily was
found to be superior when compared to dental chews in both stage 1 and Stage 2
periodontal disease.
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