MPACT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION ON SURFACE AND GROUND WATER QUALITY IN SOLAN DISTRICT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
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Date
2019-08
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UHF,NAUNI
Abstract
MPACT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION ON SURFACE
AND GROUND WATER QUALITY IN SOLAN
DISTRICT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
ABSTRACT
The present study entitled, “Impact of industrialization on surface and ground water quality in Solan
district of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in Baddi, Brotiwala and Nalagarh industrial area of Himachal
Pradesh and analysis was carried out in the department of Environmental Science, Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar
University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan HP. Water samples of ground and surface sources from
differentWater samples were randomly collected during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons by taking 12
treatments which were replicated thrice. The collected water samples were analysed for their physical, chemical
and biological parameters. The presence of heavy metals in the water sources was also assessed. Surface water
possessed higher amount of TDS and turbidity as compared to ground water in all the three industrial areas. The
total dissolved solids in surface and ground water sources varied from 318.67-362.20 mg l-1 and 321.45-351.52
mg l-1 during monsoon season whereas 317.25-358.56 mg l-1 and 317.60-346.43 mg l-1 during post-monsoon
season. Higher value of turbidity (4.54 NTU) was recorded at Baddi in surface water during monsoon and
minimum value (2.51 NTU) at Nalagarh during post-monsoon season. The pH and EC of the water sources was
found within the permissible limits. However, these values were found to be decrease from Monsoon and Postmonsoon
season. The BOD and COD values of both the sources were relatively below the permissible limits. The
BOD and COD values of surface and ground water sources ranged from 2.03-2.84 and 175.00-196.67 mg l-1and
2.03-2.48 mg l-1 and 172.00-184.33 mg l-1 respectively. The heavy metals viz. As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, and
Ni, Zn were found within the permissible limits. The heavy metals concentration viz. As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe, Mn, Mg,
Ni, and Zn, in the three industrial regions varied from 0.09-0.15, 0.002-0.004, 2.52-4.22, 0.03-0.13, 0.28-0.38,
41.47-46.21, 0.10-0.15, 0.11-0.51, and 0.07-0.15 mg l-1, respectively. Similarly, in ground water sources, the
content of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe, Mn, Mg, Ni, and Zn varied from 0.02-0.07, 0.001-0.003, 1.86-4.02, 0.02-0.11,
0.24-0,36, 37.60-45.55, 0.08-0.14, 0.95-1.12 and 0.06-0.12 mg l-1 respectively. However, the concentration of Cd
was in traceable amount i.e. 0.001 to 0.004 mg l-1. The coliform count in surface and ground water varied from
28.17 to 55.33 and 22.67 to 29.00 MPN/100 ml, respectively. Higher coliform count was recorded in surface
water than ground water. More count was found in monsoon season than that of post-monsoon. The heavy metals
present in the surface water may leach into the ground water and hence cause contamination and lead to increase
in the load of heavy metals. Therefore, continuous monitoring of surface and ground water quality, proper waste
disposal and its management, waste water treatment and strict check on illegal release of effluent in natural
environment is required in BBN region, so that the water quality of the sources as well as health of the inhabitants
can be maintained.
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