Studies on effect of system of rice intensification on the yield of CMS and restorer lines under the organic and inorganic management
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Date
2016-01
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Water scarcity can be biggest problem in the future for cultivation of rice because of global warming for the production of 1kg rice 4000-5000 liters of water is required. Therefore it is essential to explore ways to produce more rice with less quantity of water .i.e. System of Rice Intensification (SRI). Application of continuous and maximum doses of NPK through chemical fertilizers does not ensure a corresponding increase in crop productivity in the long run. This practice of over exposing our soil with NPK is not sustainable as it leads to a rapid decline in soil health thereby resulting in multiple micro-nutrient deficiencies. Therefore organic farming is growing throughout the world as it can be ideal for sustainable crop production. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken at Breeder Seed Production Centre of GBPUA&T for two consecutive years with the five objective objectives. Field trial were conducted comprised of three sets male and female in the ratio of 2:8 with spacing 30 cm, 20 cm and 15 cm for male to male, male to female and female to female, respectively .Seed production plot was isolated through physical barrier using Sesbania rostrata. Rope pulling and GA3 application were adopted for promoting out crossing between the parents. Observation were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each replication for studied
yield contributing characters which were found to be highest in fifteen days old seedlings in seed parent, pollen parent and check, followed by twenty days old seedlings and lowest was recorded in twenty five days old seedlings. The high yielding capability of younger seedling was accomplished due to significantly higher increase in number of panicles/hill, number of spikelet per panicle, seed setting percentage and higher out crossing result increase seed yield /m2 area. As for as management practices are concerned organic showed higher seed yield capability as compared to inorganic. Among the three CMS based hybrid highest yield was recorded in F1-3(UPRH 101AXUPRI 92-133) followed by F1-2(UPRI 92-17AXUPRI 93-87R) and lowest was recorded in F1-1 (UPRI 92-17AXUPRI 92-133R) in younger seedling as compared to older seedlings. Germination test was carried out only two cms based hybrids. Reduction in germination with increase in the storage period in both of the genotypes was observed. The highest vigour index, were found in case of fifteen days old seedlings in genotype 1 (PSD3) followed by genotype 2 (PSD1). The higher germination was recorded in organic management practices as compared to inorganic. The higher germination was recorded in case of polythene bag (700 guage) as compared to cotton bag irrespective of storage time. Therefore, the most suitable packing material found was polythene bags for storage. SSR markers were used to determine genetic purity of commercial hybrids. The RM 154, RM 206, RM 337, RM 263 and RM 1108 showed the true genetic purity of under hybrids. It can be concluded that SRI methods under organic produced more yield than SRI inorganic.