COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF DISTRICT KINNAUR IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
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Date
2017
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UHF,NAUNI
Abstract
ABSTRACT The study analyzed the common property resources and their management systems in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. Multistage stratified random sampling design was used to select a sample of 180 respondents from three different developmental blocks. The selected samples were further classified as marginal (<1 ha), small (1-2 ha) and medium (>2 ha) category farmers on the basis of their land holdings. The results of the study revealed the average family size of 7 members per household of which joint family system (57.22 %) dominated the study area, literacy rate 82 per cent, sex ratio of 831, average land holding of 1.10 ha and average livestock population of 5 ACU per household. Survey further revealed that around 18 per cent of the household’s, income being derived from CPRs based activities and lower caste households were found highly dependent on CPRs (26.87 % of total income). The Ginni coefficient of income from CPR’s in case of upper caste was 0.51 and in case of lower caste it was 0.44. On an average the employment generated through CPR based activities were found 253 man days with an opportunity cost of ₹ 63250 annually. The dependency of households for animal grazing showed that CPRs supported 113 animal units grazing per households, which confirm heavy dependence of tribal people on these resources. Factors like social participation, family size, livestock population significantly and positively affected the dependence on CPR’s whereas, caste, education and non-farm income affected negatively. Devta committee leads in the benefit sharing and management of CPR’s (11 per cent involvement of locals) followed by Gram Panchayat (5.67 %) and Mahila Mandals (5.33 %). The main factors responsible for the degradation of CPRs were the construction of hydroelectric projects followed by excessive lopping of trees for fodder and firewood collection, population pressure, overgrazing, forest fire etc. So, to improve the conditions of CPRs in the study area community-based collective management system in which government and beneficiaries come together for the benefit sharing and sustainable management of resources should be strengthened.
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